Centre for Arthritis and Rheumatic Disease, University College Dublin, Dublin Academic Medical Centre, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Elm Park, Dublin 4, Ireland.
Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Egas Moniz, 1649-035, Lisbon, Portugal.
Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2017 Aug;13(8):463-475. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2017.115. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
The synovium is the major target tissue of inflammatory arthritides such as rheumatoid arthritis. The study of synovial tissue has advanced considerably throughout the past few decades from arthroplasty and blind needle biopsy to the use of arthroscopic and ultrasonographic technologies that enable easier visualization and improve the reliability of synovial biopsies. Rapid progress has been made in using synovial tissue to study disease pathogenesis, to stratify patients, to discover biomarkers and novel targets, and to validate therapies, and this progress has been facilitated by increasingly diverse and sophisticated analytical and technological approaches. In this Review, we describe these approaches, and summarize how their use in synovial tissue research has improved our understanding of rheumatoid arthritis and identified candidate biomarkers that could be used in disease diagnosis and stratification, as well as in predicting disease course and treatment response.
滑膜是类风湿关节炎等炎性关节炎的主要靶组织。在过去几十年中，滑膜组织的研究取得了长足的进展，从关节置换和盲针活检到关节镜和超声技术的应用，这些技术使滑膜活检更容易可视化，并提高了其可靠性。利用滑膜组织研究疾病发病机制、对患者进行分层、发现生物标志物和新靶点以及验证治疗方法方面也取得了快速进展，而这些进展得益于越来越多样化和复杂的分析和技术方法。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些方法，并总结了它们在滑膜组织研究中的应用如何增进我们对类风湿关节炎的理解，并确定了一些候选生物标志物，这些标志物可用于疾病诊断和分层，以及预测疾病进程和治疗反应。
