Wahba Amy, Lehman Stacey L, Tofilon Philip J
Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Translation (Austin). 2016 Dec 1;5(1):e1265703. doi: 10.1080/21690731.2016.1265703. eCollection 2017.
Radiation-induced gene expression has long been hypothesized to protect against cell death. Defining this process would provide not only insight into the mechanisms mediating cell survival after radiation exposure, but also a novel source of targets for radiosensitization. However, whereas the radiation-induced gene expression profiles using total cellular mRNA have been generated for cell lines as well as normal tissues, with few exception, the changes in mRNA do not correlate with changes in the corresponding protein. The traditional approach to profiling gene expression, i.e., using total cellular RNA, does not take into account posttranscriptional regulation. In this review, we describe the use of gene expression profiling of polysome-bound RNA to establish that radiation modifies gene expression via translational control. Because changes in polysome-bound mRNA correlate with changes in protein, analysis of the translational profiles provides a unique data set for investigating the mechanisms mediating cellular radioresponse.
长期以来，人们一直推测辐射诱导的基因表达可保护细胞免于死亡。明确这一过程不仅能深入了解辐射暴露后介导细胞存活的机制，还能为放射增敏提供新的靶点来源。然而，尽管已经针对细胞系以及正常组织生成了使用总细胞mRNA的辐射诱导基因表达谱，但除了少数例外，mRNA的变化与相应蛋白质的变化并不相关。传统的基因表达谱分析方法，即使用总细胞RNA，没有考虑转录后调控。在这篇综述中，我们描述了使用多核糖体结合RNA的基因表达谱分析来确定辐射通过翻译控制修饰基因表达。由于多核糖体结合mRNA的变化与蛋白质的变化相关，翻译谱分析为研究介导细胞辐射反应的机制提供了一个独特的数据集。
