School of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Health & Life Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK.
Material Measurement Laboratory, Biosystems and Biomaterials Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2017 Jul 13;18(7):1515. doi: 10.3390/ijms18071515.
Some engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) may have the potential to cause damage to the genetic material in living systems. The mechanistic machinery functioning at the cellular/molecular level, in the form of DNA repair processes, has evolved to help circumvent DNA damage caused by exposure to a variety of foreign substances. Recent studies have contributed to our understanding of the various DNA damage repair pathways involved in the processing of DNA damage. However, the vast array of ENMs may present a relatively new challenge to the integrity of the human genome; therefore, the potential hazard posed by some ENMs necessitates the evaluation and understanding of ENM-induced DNA damage repair pathways. This review focuses on recent studies highlighting the differential regulation of DNA repair pathways, in response to a variety of ENMs, and discusses the various factors that dictate aberrant repair processes, including intracellular signalling, spatial interactions and ENM-specific responses.
一些工程纳米材料（ENMs）可能具有破坏生物系统遗传物质的潜力。以 DNA 修复过程为形式的细胞/分子水平上的机械机制已经进化到可以帮助避免因接触各种外来物质而导致的 DNA 损伤。最近的研究有助于我们了解涉及 DNA 损伤处理的各种 DNA 损伤修复途径。然而，大量的 ENMs 可能对人类基因组的完整性构成相对较新的挑战；因此，一些 ENMs 所带来的潜在危险需要对 ENM 诱导的 DNA 损伤修复途径进行评估和理解。本综述重点介绍了最近的研究，这些研究强调了针对各种 ENMs 的 DNA 修复途径的差异调节，并讨论了决定异常修复过程的各种因素，包括细胞内信号转导、空间相互作用和 ENM 特异性反应。
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