Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B3P4, Canada.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 31;607-608:413-432. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.254. Epub 2017 Jul 27.
Climate change, urbanization, and ecological concerns are all driving the need for new stormwater management strategies. The effects of urbanization are exaggerated by climate change and thus the development of innovative stormwater management techniques are necessary to mitigate these impacts. One emerging stormwater management philosophy is low impact development (LID). LID utilizes distributed stormwater controls (often green infrastructure) as well as green spaces and natural hydrologic features in order to bring the hydrology of urban catchments closer to pre-development conditions. The review provides a summary of the knowledge of LID as a stormwater management technique and climate change mitigation measure as well as the current state of research and implementation of this topic. In order to provide a better understanding of the extensive scope that should be considered for design of low impact developments, methods of optimization, modelling, monitoring and the performance of LID alternatives is covered. LID has been widely adopted and proven successful in many cases; however, there remains uncertainty of its benefits. This review brings together knowledge from many sources in order to provide an overview of LID and examine its performance and implementation.
气候变化、城市化和生态问题都推动了对新的雨水管理策略的需求。气候变化加剧了城市化的影响，因此需要开发创新的雨水管理技术来减轻这些影响。一种新兴的雨水管理理念是低影响开发（LID）。LID 利用分布式雨水控制（通常是绿色基础设施）以及绿色空间和自然水文特征，使城市集水区的水文条件更接近开发前的状态。本综述总结了 LID 作为一种雨水管理技术和减缓气候变化措施的知识，以及该主题的当前研究和实施状况。为了更好地理解设计低影响开发时应考虑的广泛范围，涵盖了优化、建模、监测和 LID 替代方案的性能的方法。LID 已在许多情况下得到广泛采用并被证明是成功的，但仍存在对其效益的不确定性。本综述汇集了来自多个来源的知识，以提供对 LID 的概述，并考察其性能和实施情况。
