Krempley Benjamin D, Yu Kenneth H
Charles E. Schmidt College of Medicine, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
Gastrointestinal Oncology Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA.
Chin Clin Oncol. 2017 Jun;6(3):25. doi: 10.21037/cco.2017.06.15.
Unlike many other cancers, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has seen only incremental improvement in mortality despite significant advances in our understanding of the underlying biology. A primary obstacle to progress has been our inability to properly model PDAC in a preclinical setting. PDAC is difficult to study because of its genetic heterogeneity, intricate stromal microenvironment, and complex interplay with our immune system. Finding a model that properly accounts for all these criteria remains difficult. This review summarizes the five primary models currently in use: human PDAC cell line, cell line xenograft, patient derived xenograft, genetically engineered mouse model (GEMM), and organoids. We delve into the advantages of disadvantages of each model, while discussing how each model has been or could be used in the preclinical setting.
与许多其他癌症不同，尽管我们对胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）的潜在生物学机制有了重大进展，但其死亡率仅略有改善。进展的一个主要障碍是我们无法在临床前环境中对PDAC进行恰当建模。由于其基因异质性、复杂的基质微环境以及与我们免疫系统的复杂相互作用，PDAC很难研究。找到一个能恰当兼顾所有这些标准的模型仍然很困难。本综述总结了目前正在使用的五种主要模型：人PDAC细胞系、细胞系异种移植、患者来源异种移植、基因工程小鼠模型（GEMM）和类器官。我们深入探讨了每种模型的优缺点，同时讨论了每种模型在临床前环境中已经或可以如何使用。
