Neyestani Tirang R, Nikooyeh Bahareh, Hajifaraji Majid, Kalayi Ali
1 Department of Nutrition Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
2 Department of Nutritional Policy-Making Research, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute and Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2016 Feb;86(1-2):18-26. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000240. Epub 2017 Jul 14.
This study aimed firstly to assess zinc and iron status of 9-12-year-old children of Tehran and secondly to determine a cut-off for circulating biomarkers of iron status to identify children at increased risk of zinc deficiency.
RESEARCH METHODS & PROCEDURES: In a cross-sectional study, demographic and anthropometric data from 505 boys and 467 girls aged 9-12 years from Tehran primary schools were obtained and their zinc and iron status was assessed.
The prevalence of zinc deficiency, anemia, and iron depletion was 12.4, 14.6, and 9.5%, respectively. Serum zinc con-centration was significantly lower in children with anemia than in their non-anemic peers (p < 0.05). There was no significant association between zinc and iron status and serum high sensitivity C-reactive protein. Zinc-deficient children, compared to those with normal serum zinc, had significantly shorter stature (139.7 (±6.9) vs 141.3 (±7.1) cm, CI: -2.97 - -0.2, p = 0.029). Serum zinc concentration was the predictor of height in the children (p = 0.004, CI: 0.01 - 0.054). A logistic regression model showed an increased risk of low serum zinc and ferritin in children who resided in economically poor regions (OR = 1.65, p = 0.043; OR = 1.92, p = 0.016, respectively). Using ROC curve and Youden index, the optimal cut-off value for serum ferritin to indicate zinc deficiency was 14.9 µg/L (sensitivity = 90%, specificity = 61%).
Lowered zinc and iron status among the children in deprived regions is likely to be due to poor quality of diet. Moreover, children with serum ferritin lower than 14.9 µg/L must be carefully assessed for concomitant zinc deficiency.
本研究旨在首先评估德黑兰9至12岁儿童的锌和铁状况，其次确定铁状况循环生物标志物的临界值，以识别锌缺乏风险增加的儿童。
在一项横断面研究中，获取了来自德黑兰小学的505名9至12岁男孩和467名女孩的人口统计学和人体测量数据，并评估了他们的锌和铁状况。
锌缺乏、贫血和铁耗竭的患病率分别为12.4%、14.6%和9.5%。贫血儿童的血清锌浓度显著低于非贫血同龄人（p<0.05）。锌和铁状况与血清高敏C反应蛋白之间无显著关联。与血清锌正常的儿童相比，锌缺乏儿童的身高明显更矮（139.7（±6.9）对141.3（±7.1）厘米，CI：-2.97至-0.2，p = 0.029）。血清锌浓度是儿童身高的预测指标（p = 0.004，CI：0.01至0.054）。逻辑回归模型显示，居住在经济贫困地区的儿童血清锌和铁蛋白水平低的风险增加（OR分别为1.65，p = 0.043；OR为1.92，p = 0.016）。使用ROC曲线和尤登指数，血清铁蛋白指示锌缺乏的最佳临界值为14.9µg/L（敏感性=90%，特异性=61%）。
贫困地区儿童锌和铁状况降低可能是由于饮食质量差。此外，血清铁蛋白低于14.9µg/L的儿童必须仔细评估是否伴有锌缺乏。
