CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan.
CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100043, China.
Water Res. 2017 Oct 15;123:655-667. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.07.014. Epub 2017 Jul 7.
In this study, the occurrence and fate of 49 pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) were investigated in an anaerobic-anoxic-oxic (A2/O) wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for seven consecutive days using 24-h composite sampling technique. Special emphasis was placed to understand the distribution of PPCPs in dissolved and adsorbed phase, and to evaluate PPCP fate in different treatment units. Among the 49 PPCPs, 40 PPCPs in influent, 36 in effluent, 29 in sludge and 23 in suspended solids were detected at least once during sampling. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and a stimulant were predominant PPCPs in influent whereas antibiotics were predominant in sludge, effluent and suspended solids. Removal efficiencies from the aqueous phase based on the dissolved PPCPs showed variable contribution in removing different PPCPs under screen and grit chamber, anaerobic treatment, anoxic treatment, oxic treatment and sedimentation-UV treatments, with the highest removal percentage by anaerobic process in terms of both individual and overall treatment. Mass load analysis showed that 352 g PPCPs enter the WWTP daily while 14.5 g and 58.1 g were discharged through effluent and excess sludge to the receiving sea water and soil applications, respectively. Mass balance analysis based on both aqueous and suspended PPCPs showed 280 g (79.4%) mass of influent PPCPs was lost along the wastewater treatment processes, mainly due to degradation/transformation.
在这项研究中，采用 24 小时复合采样技术，连续七天研究了 49 种药品和个人护理产品（PPCPs）在厌氧-缺氧-好氧（A2/O）污水处理厂中的产生和归宿。特别强调了解 PPCPs 在溶解相和吸附相中的分布，并评估了不同处理单元中 PPCP 的归宿。在所研究的 49 种 PPCPs 中，进水、出水、污泥和悬浮物中至少有一次检测到 40 种、36 种、29 种和 23 种。进水中原发性抗炎药（NSAIDs）和兴奋剂是主要的 PPCPs，而抗生素则是污泥、出水和悬浮物中的主要 PPCPs。基于溶解态 PPCPs 的去除效率表明，在筛滤和沉砂池、厌氧处理、缺氧处理、好氧处理和沉淀-UV 处理中，对不同 PPCPs 的去除有不同的贡献，就个体和整体处理而言，厌氧过程的去除率最高。质量负荷分析表明，每天有 352g PPCPs 进入污水处理厂，其中 14.5g 和 58.1g 通过出水和剩余污泥分别排放到受纳海水和土壤应用中。基于水溶液和悬浮态 PPCPs 的质量平衡分析表明，沿污水处理过程，进水 PPCPs 的 280g（79.4%）质量损失主要是由于降解/转化。
