Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA; Bloomberg~Kimmel Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Translational Tissue Engineering Center, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2017 May 15;114:184-192. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.006. Epub 2017 Jul 13.
The compatibility of biomaterials is critical to their structural and biological function in medical applications. The immune system is the first responder to tissue trauma and to a biomaterial implant. The innate immune effector cells, most notably macrophages, play a significant role in the defense against foreign bodies and the formation of a fibrous capsule around synthetic implants. Alternatively, macrophages participate in the pro-regenerative capacity of tissue-derived biological scaffolds. Research is now elucidating the role of the adaptive immune system, and T cells in particular, in directing macrophage response to synthetic and biological materials. Here, we review basic immune cell types and discuss recent research on the role of the immune system in tissue repair and its potential relevance to scaffold design. We will also discuss new emerging immune cell types relevant to biomaterial responses and tissue repair. Finally, prospects for specifically targeting and modulating the immune response to biomaterial scaffolds for enhancing tissue repair and regeneration will be presented.
生物材料的相容性对于其在医学应用中的结构和生物学功能至关重要。免疫系统是对组织创伤和生物材料植入物的第一反应者。先天免疫效应细胞，尤其是巨噬细胞，在防御异物和在合成植入物周围形成纤维囊方面发挥着重要作用。相反，巨噬细胞参与组织衍生的生物支架的促再生能力。现在的研究阐明了适应性免疫系统的作用，特别是 T 细胞在指导巨噬细胞对合成和生物材料的反应中的作用。在这里，我们回顾了基本的免疫细胞类型，并讨论了免疫系统在组织修复中的作用及其对支架设计的潜在相关性的最新研究。我们还将讨论与生物材料反应和组织修复相关的新出现的免疫细胞类型。最后，将介绍针对生物材料支架的免疫反应进行特异性靶向和调节以增强组织修复和再生的前景。
