Issartel Johann, Gueugnon Mathieu, Marin Ludovic
Multisensory Motor Learning Laboratory, School of Health and Human Performance, Dublin City UniversityDublin, Ireland.
EuroMov - University of MontpellierMontpellier, France.
Front Psychol. 2017 Jun 30;8:1078. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01078. eCollection 2017.
Joint-improvisation is not only an open-ended creative action that two or more people perform together in the context of an artistic performance (e.g., theatre, music or dance). Joint-improvisation also takes place in daily life activities when humans take part in collective performance such as toddlers at play or adults engaged in a conversation. In the context of this article, joint-improvisation has been looked at from a social motor coordination perspective. In the literature, the nature of the social motor coordination characteristics of joint-improvisation for either the creative aspect or daily life features of this motor performance remains unclear. Additionally, both solo-improvisation and joint-improvisation need to be studied conjointly to establish the influence of the social element of improvisation in the emergence of multi-agent motor coordination. In order to better understand those two types of improvisation, we compared three level of expertise - novice, intermediate and professional in dance improvisation to identify movement characteristics for each of the groups. Pairs of the same level were asked to improvise together. Each individual was also asked to perform an improvisation on his/her own. We found that each of the three groups present specific movement organization with movement complexity increasing with the level of expertise. Experts performed shorter movement duration in conjunction with an increase range of movement. The direct comparison of individual and paired Conditions highlighted that the joint-improvisation reduced the complexity of the movement organization and those for all three levels while maintaining the differences between the groups. This direct comparison amongst those three distinct groups provides an original insight onto the nature of movement patterns in joint-improvisation situation. Overall, it reveals the role of both individual and collective properties in the emergence of social coordination.
联合即兴创作不仅是一种开放式的创造性行为，由两个或更多人在艺术表演（如戏剧、音乐或舞蹈）的背景下共同进行。联合即兴创作也发生在日常生活活动中，当人们参与集体表演时，比如幼儿玩耍或成年人交谈。在本文中，联合即兴创作是从社会运动协调的角度来探讨的。在文献中，对于联合即兴创作在创造性方面或这种运动表现的日常生活特征的社会运动协调特性的本质仍不清楚。此外，需要将单人即兴创作和联合即兴创作结合起来研究，以确定即兴创作的社会元素在多主体运动协调出现中的影响。为了更好地理解这两种即兴创作类型，我们比较了舞蹈即兴创作中的三个专业水平——新手、中级和专业水平，以确定每个组的动作特征。要求同水平的两人一组共同进行即兴创作。每个个体也被要求独自进行一次即兴创作。我们发现，这三个组中的每一组都呈现出特定的动作组织，动作复杂性随着专业水平的提高而增加。专家们的动作持续时间较短，同时动作范围增大。对个体和双人条件的直接比较突出表明，联合即兴创作降低了所有三个水平的动作组织复杂性，同时保持了组间差异。这三个不同组之间的直接比较为联合即兴创作情境中动作模式的本质提供了独到的见解。总体而言，它揭示了个体和集体属性在社会协调出现中的作用。
