Lévesque David, Sévigny Serge, Giroux Isabelle, Jacques Christian
École de Psychologie, Université Laval.
Département des fondements et pratiques en éducation, Université Laval.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2017 Sep;31(6):647-654. doi: 10.1037/adb0000297. Epub 2017 Jul 17.
The Gambling-Related Cognition Scale (GRCS; Raylu & Oei, 2004) was developed to evaluate gambling-related cognitive distortions for all types of gamblers, regardless of their gambling activities (poker, slot machine, etc.). It is therefore imperative to ascertain the validity of its interpretation across different types of gamblers; however, some skills-related items endorsed by players could be interpreted as a cognitive distortion despite the fact that they play skills-related games. Using an intergroup (168 poker players and 73 video lottery terminal [VLT] players) differential item functioning (DIF) analysis, this study examined the possible manifestation of item biases associated with the GRCS. DIF was analyzed with ordinal logistic regressions (OLRs) and Ramsay's (1991) nonparametric kernel smoothing approach with TestGraf. Results show that half of the items display at least moderate DIF between groups and, depending on the type of analysis used, 3 to 7 items displayed large DIF. The 5 items with the most DIF were more significantly endorsed by poker players (uniform DIF) and were all related to skills, knowledge, learning, or probabilities. Poker players' interpretations of some skills-related items may lead to an overestimation of their cognitive distortions due to their total score increased by measurement artifact. Findings indicate that the current structure of the GRCS contains potential biases to be considered when poker players are surveyed. The present study conveys new and important information on bias issues to ponder carefully before using and interpreting the GRCS and other similar wide-range instruments with poker players. (PsycINFO Database Record
赌博相关认知量表（GRCS；Raylu和Oei，2004）旨在评估各类赌徒与赌博相关的认知偏差，无论其从事何种赌博活动（扑克、老虎机等）。因此，确定其在不同类型赌徒中的解释效度至关重要；然而，玩家认可的一些与技能相关的项目可能会被解释为认知偏差，尽管他们玩的是与技能相关的游戏。本研究采用组间差异项目功能（DIF）分析（168名扑克玩家和73名视频彩票终端[VLT]玩家），考察了与GRCS相关的项目偏差的可能表现。使用有序逻辑回归（OLR）和Ramsay（1991）的非参数核平滑方法以及TestGraf对DIF进行分析。结果表明，一半的项目在组间至少显示出中等程度的DIF，根据所使用的分析类型，有3至7个项目显示出较大的DIF。差异最大的5个项目在扑克玩家中得到更显著的认可（一致DIF），且均与技能、知识、学习或概率相关。扑克玩家对一些与技能相关项目的解释可能会导致对其认知偏差的高估，因为他们的总分因测量误差而增加。研究结果表明，当对扑克玩家进行调查时，GRCS的当前结构存在需要考虑的潜在偏差。本研究传达了关于偏差问题的新的重要信息，在对扑克玩家使用和解释GRCS及其他类似的广泛工具之前，需要仔细思考。（PsycINFO数据库记录）
