Hamel Alexandre, Bastien Célyne, Jacques Christian, Moreau Axelle, Giroux Isabelle
Centre québécois d'excellence pour la prévention et le traitement du jeu (CQEPTJ), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Laboratoire de neurosciences humaines comportementales - Sommeil et Potentiels Évoqués (SPEC), École de psychologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Jan 11;11:600092. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.600092. eCollection 2020.
Online poker has the convenience of being accessible 24/7 allowing a large proportion of players to gamble at night. Although some studies postulate a bi-directional relationship between excessive online poker playing and sleep disturbances, sleep has yet to be studied as a primary outcome variable in online poker studies. Sleep deprivation has been linked to alterations in emotional regulation, decision-making, and risk-taking behaviors. All of which are known to induce episodes of tilt. Conversely, online poker playing during regular sleep hours may interfere with sleep quality. The objectives of the present study are (a) to explore the effects of sleep deprivation on tilt symptoms and gambling behaviors and (b) to assess whether playing an online poker session shortly before bedtime (120 min) influences the player's sleep quality. Sleeping habits, tilt symptoms, and online poker behaviors of 23 regular online poker players (22 men, 1 woman) were monitored daily for 28 days using questionnaires and hand histories. Tilt and gambling behaviors during online poker sessions ( = 588) played while the player was sleep-deprived were compared to sessions played while not sleep-deprived. Different sleep variables were also compared for sessions ( = 897) played 2 h before bedtime to no sessions played before sleep. Sleep-deprived poker sessions revealed higher emotional and behavioral tilt, a higher number of hands played and unfavorable financial results than at-rest sessions. Also, emotional and behavioral tilt was higher when alcohol was consumed. Sessions played 2 h before bedtime revealed a shorter sleep onset latency than when no sessions were played before bedtime. - mixed regression analyses revealed that emotional and behavioral tilt is associated with shorter total sleep time and shorter sleep onset latency, while cognitive tilt is associated with a decrease in sleep efficiency. This study is the first to specifically explore sleep variables with online poker players within an ecological study design. The findings shed light on the daily impacts of nighttime online gambling practices. Future studies are needed to further explore the interaction between subjective and objective sleep variables and online gambling habits as well as investigate players' motives for playing while sleep deprived.
在线扑克具有全天候可玩的便利性，这使得很大一部分玩家会在夜间赌博。尽管一些研究推测过度玩在线扑克与睡眠障碍之间存在双向关系，但睡眠尚未作为在线扑克研究的主要结果变量进行研究。睡眠剥夺与情绪调节、决策和冒险行为的改变有关。所有这些都已知会引发倾斜发作。相反，在正常睡眠时间玩在线扑克可能会干扰睡眠质量。本研究的目的是：（a）探讨睡眠剥夺对倾斜症状和赌博行为的影响；（b）评估在就寝前不久（120分钟）玩一场在线扑克是否会影响玩家的睡眠质量。使用问卷和手牌历史记录，对23名经常玩在线扑克的玩家（22名男性，1名女性）的睡眠习惯、倾斜症状和在线扑克行为进行了为期28天的每日监测。将玩家睡眠不足时玩在线扑克的场次（n = 588）中的倾斜和赌博行为与非睡眠不足时玩的场次进行比较。还比较了就寝前2小时玩的场次（n = 897）与就寝前未玩场次的不同睡眠变量。睡眠不足的扑克场次显示出比休息场次更高的情绪和行为倾斜、更多的手牌数量以及不利的财务结果。此外，饮酒时情绪和行为倾斜更高。就寝前2小时玩的场次比就寝前未玩场次的入睡潜伏期更短。混合回归分析显示，情绪和行为倾斜与总睡眠时间缩短和入睡潜伏期缩短有关，而认知倾斜与睡眠效率降低有关。本研究首次在生态研究设计中专门探讨在线扑克玩家的睡眠变量。这些发现揭示了夜间在线赌博行为的日常影响。未来需要进一步研究主观和客观睡眠变量与在线赌博习惯之间的相互作用，以及调查玩家在睡眠不足时玩牌的动机。
