Pita Sebastián, Panzera Francisco, Mora Pablo, Vela Jesús, Cuadrado Ángeles, Sánchez Antonio, Palomeque Teresa, Lorite Pedro
Sección Genética Evolutiva, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Departamento de Biología Experimental, Área de Genética, Universidad de Jaén, Jaén, Spain.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 19;12(7):e0181635. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181635. eCollection 2017.
Triatoma infestans is the most important Chagas disease vector in South America. Two main evolutionary lineages, named Andean and non-Andean, have been recognized by geographical distribution, phenetic and genetic characteristics. One of the main differences is the genomic size, varying over 30% in their haploid DNA content. Here we realize a genome wide analysis to compare the repetitive genome fraction (repeatome) between both lineages in order to identify the main repetitive DNA changes occurred during T. infestans differentiation process. RepeatExplorer analysis using Illumina reads showed that both lineages exhibit the same amount of non-repeat sequences, and that satellite DNA is by far the major component of repetitive DNA and the main responsible for the genome size differentiation between both lineages. We characterize 42 satellite DNA families, which are virtually all present in both lineages but with different amount in each lineage. Furthermore, chromosomal location of satellite DNA by fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that genomic variations in T. infestans are mainly due to satellite DNA families located on the heterochromatic regions. The results also show that many satDNA families are located on the euchromatic regions of the chromosomes.
克氏锥蝽是南美洲恰加斯病最重要的传播媒介。根据地理分布、表型和遗传特征，已识别出两个主要的进化谱系，即安第斯谱系和非安第斯谱系。其中一个主要差异是基因组大小，其单倍体DNA含量相差超过30%。在此，我们进行了全基因组分析，以比较两个谱系之间的重复基因组部分（重复基因组），从而确定在克氏锥蝽分化过程中发生的主要重复DNA变化。使用Illumina读数进行的RepeatExplorer分析表明，两个谱系的非重复序列数量相同，并且卫星DNA是迄今为止重复DNA的主要组成部分，也是两个谱系之间基因组大小差异的主要原因。我们鉴定了42个卫星DNA家族，实际上两个谱系中都存在这些家族，但每个谱系中的数量不同。此外，通过荧光原位杂交对卫星DNA进行染色体定位表明，克氏锥蝽的基因组变异主要是由于位于异染色质区域的卫星DNA家族。结果还表明，许多卫星DNA家族位于染色体的常染色质区域。
