Balakrishnan Maya, George Rollin, Sharma Ashish, Graham David Y
Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine and Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center, RM 3A-318B (111D), 2002 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2017 Aug;19(8):36. doi: 10.1007/s11894-017-0575-8.
The paper aims to discuss the global trends in gastric cancer incidence in relation to important factors involved in the pathogenesis of gastric cancer.
Despite a significant worldwide decline, gastric cancer remains a common cause of cancer death. The decline has been multifactorial and preceded the fall in Helicobacter pylori prevalence. The initial decline was associated with changes in food preservation and availability, especially of fresh fruits and vegetables, followed by a decline in the primary etiologic factor, H. pylori. Gastric cancer incidence remains high in East Asia, intermediate in Latin America, and low in developed countries. Significant racial/ethnic variability exists. The rapid decline in incidence in East Asia will continue as primary and secondary prevention strategies are implemented. The incidence in Latin America is unlikely to decline significantly over the next few decades given high H. pylori prevalence in the young. Ultimately, global H. pylori eradication will be needed to largely eliminate gastric cancer.
本文旨在探讨胃癌发病率的全球趋势及其与胃癌发病机制中重要因素的关系。
尽管全球范围内胃癌发病率显著下降，但它仍是癌症死亡的常见原因。这种下降是多因素导致的，且早于幽门螺杆菌感染率的下降。最初的下降与食物保存和供应的变化有关，尤其是新鲜水果和蔬菜，随后主要病因幽门螺杆菌的感染率也下降了。东亚地区胃癌发病率仍然很高，拉丁美洲处于中等水平，而发达国家则较低。存在显著的种族/民族差异。随着一级和二级预防策略的实施，东亚地区发病率的快速下降趋势将持续。鉴于年轻人中幽门螺杆菌感染率较高，拉丁美洲的发病率在未来几十年不太可能显著下降。最终，需要在全球范围内根除幽门螺杆菌，以大幅消除胃癌。
