The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA.
The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City, NY 10029, USA; Parker Institute of Cancer Immunotherapy, USA.
Curr Opin Immunol. 2017 Aug;47:35-43. doi: 10.1016/j.coi.2017.06.003. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
Development of therapeutic cancer vaccines has been hindered by the many pro-tumorigenic mechanisms at play in cancer patients that serve to suppress both antigen presenting cells and T cells. In face of these obstacles, cancer vaccines are most likely to promote anti-tumorigenic immune responses only when formulated with strong adjuvants, and in combination with new immune interventions designed to reverse immune suppression and exhaustion of T cells in the tumor microenvironment. Dendritic cells (DCs) are often termed 'nature's adjuvant' due to their exceptional capacity for initiating both innate and adaptive immune responses. Hence, the past decade has witnessed a flurry of activity in testing DC based immunotherapies for cancer intervention. In this review we will discuss advances in conventional adjuvants and provide insight into new adjuvants as they pertain to DC cancer therapy.
治疗性癌症疫苗的发展受到了许多在癌症患者中发挥作用的促肿瘤机制的阻碍，这些机制可抑制抗原呈递细胞和 T 细胞。面对这些障碍，癌症疫苗只有在与具有强大佐剂的制剂联合使用，并结合旨在逆转肿瘤微环境中 T 细胞的免疫抑制和衰竭的新免疫干预措施时，才最有可能促进抗肿瘤免疫反应。树突状细胞 (DC) 由于其启动先天和适应性免疫反应的特殊能力，通常被称为“天然佐剂”。因此，过去十年中，人们一直在积极测试基于 DC 的免疫疗法以干预癌症。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论常规佐剂的进展，并深入了解新佐剂在 DC 癌症治疗中的应用。
