Transformation of .

This protocol describes the use of electroporation to transform with plasmids or linear DNA. Plasmids are helpful for the complementation testing of mutations and for the expression of specific genes. Linear DNA fragments integrated into chromosomal DNA by homologous recombination are useful for gene deletion or to fuse a gene with a tag sequence (e.g., encoding a fluorescent protein). To introduce DNA into , electroporation methods are recommended because is sensitive to lithium acetate (LiOAc).