Gowin Ewelina, Wysocki Jacek, Michalak Michał, Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska Danuta
Department of Family Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Health Promotion, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Int J Infect Dis. 2017 Sep;62:52-55. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2017.07.009. Epub 2017 Jul 19.
The aim of this study was to analyse the causes of hospitalization in the course of varicella in children during the first year of life.
An analysis was performed of the medical documentation of 359 children hospitalized for varicella on the infectious diseases ward at the Children's Hospital in Poznan (Poland) between January 2007 and August 2015.
Of the 359 children in the study group, 96 were younger than 1 year old. The most common cause of hospitalization was respiratory infections, found in 31 (32%) children. A severe course of varicella was observed in 38 (14%) children, and 21 (22%) developed skin infections, while 11 (11%) exhibited more than one complication. Treatment with acyclovir was implemented in 90 cases and parenteral antibiotic therapy was applied in 49 children. Contact with siblings suffering from varicella was confirmed in 46 children; for 16, the source of the infection was the mother.
The main source of varicella virus among hospitalized children in the first year of life is home contact. An infant may become infected from its mother suffering from zoster. Children who are exclusively breastfed and are born of mothers who have previously had varicella may develop varicella with a severe course during the first year of life.
本研究旨在分析1岁以内儿童水痘病程中的住院原因。
对2007年1月至2015年8月期间在波兰波兹南儿童医院传染病病房因水痘住院的359名儿童的医疗记录进行分析。
研究组的359名儿童中，96名年龄小于1岁。住院最常见的原因是呼吸道感染，在31名（32%）儿童中发现。38名（14%）儿童观察到水痘重症病程，21名（22%）发生皮肤感染，11名（11%）出现一种以上并发症。90例实施了阿昔洛韦治疗，49名儿童应用了肠外抗生素治疗。46名儿童确认与患水痘的兄弟姐妹有接触；16名儿童的感染源是母亲。
1岁以内住院儿童水痘病毒的主要来源是家庭接触。婴儿可能从患带状疱疹的母亲处感染。纯母乳喂养且母亲既往患过水痘的儿童在1岁以内可能发生重症水痘病程。
