Zeng Xiaoxu, Liu Mingbin, Zhang Heng, Wu Jingwen, Zhao Xiang, Chen Wenbing, Yang Lei, He Fenglan, Fan Guoyin, Wang Dayan, Chen Haiying, Shu Yuelong
Chinese National Influenza Center, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Collaboration Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory for Medical Virology, National Health and Family Planning Commission, 155 Changbai Road, Beijing, 102206, People's Republic of China.
Nanchang Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanchang city, 330038, People's Republic of China.
Virol J. 2017 Jul 24;14(1):136. doi: 10.1186/s12985-017-0800-y.
Recently, avian influenza virus has caused repeated worldwide outbreaks in humans. Live Poultry Markets (LPMs) play an important role in the circulation and reassortment of novel Avian Influenza Virus (AIVs). Aerosol transmission is one of the most important pathways for influenza virus to spread among poultry, from poultry to mammals, and among mammals.
In this study, air samples were collected from LPMs in Nanchang city between April 2014 and March 2015 to investigate possible aerosol transmission of AIVs. Air samples were detected for Flu A by Real-Time Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RRT-PCR). If samples were positive for Flu A, they were inoculated into 9- to 10-day-old specific-pathogen-free embryonated eggs. If the result was positive, the whole genome of the virus was sequenced by MiSeq. Phylogenetic trees of all 8 segments were constructed using MEGA 6.05 software.
To investigate the possible aerosol transmission of AIVs, 807 air samples were collected from LPMs in Nanchang city between April 2014 and March 2015. Based on RRT-PCR results, 275 samples (34.1%) were Flu A positive, and one virus was successfully isolated with embryonated eggs. The virus shared high nucleotide homology with H9N2 AIVs from South China.
Our study provides further evidence that the air in LPMs can be contaminated by influenza viruses and their nucleic acids, and this should be considered when choosing and evaluating disinfection strategies in LPMs, such as regular air disinfection. Aerosolized viruses such as the H9N2 virus detected in this study can increase the risk of human infection when people are exposed in LPMs.
近期，禽流感病毒已在全球范围内多次引发人类疫情。活禽市场在新型禽流感病毒的传播和重配中起着重要作用。气溶胶传播是流感病毒在禽类之间、从禽类传播至哺乳动物以及在哺乳动物之间传播的最重要途径之一。
本研究于2014年4月至2015年3月期间从南昌市的活禽市场采集空气样本，以调查禽流感病毒可能的气溶胶传播情况。通过实时逆转录-聚合酶链反应（RRT-PCR）检测空气样本中的甲型流感病毒。如果样本甲型流感病毒检测呈阳性，则将其接种到9至10日龄的无特定病原体鸡胚中。如果结果为阳性，则使用MiSeq对病毒的全基因组进行测序。使用MEGA 6.05软件构建所有8个片段的系统发育树。
为调查禽流感病毒可能的气溶胶传播情况，于2014年4月至2015年3月期间从南昌市的活禽市场采集了807份空气样本。根据RRT-PCR结果，275份样本（34.1%）甲型流感病毒检测呈阳性，并且用鸡胚成功分离出一株病毒。该病毒与来自中国南方的H9N2禽流感病毒具有较高的核苷酸同源性。
我们的研究进一步证明，活禽市场的空气可能被流感病毒及其核酸污染，在选择和评估活禽市场的消毒策略（如定期空气消毒）时应考虑到这一点。本研究中检测到的H9N2等气溶胶化病毒会增加人们在活禽市场暴露时感染人类的风险。
