Jirathananuwat Areeya, Pongpirul Krit
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University.
Community Health Unit, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University.
J Occup Health. 2017 Sep 28;59(5):385-393. doi: 10.1539/joh.16-0245-RA. Epub 2017 Jul 21.
Physically active (PA) people have a lower risk of various diseases, compared to those with sedentary lifestyles. Evidence on the effects of PA promoting programs in the workplace is large, and several systematic reviews (SR) and/or meta-analyses (MA) have been published. However, they have failed to consider factors that could influence interventions. This paper aimed to classify and describe interventions to promote PA in the workplace based on evidence from SR/MA.
A literature search for SR/MA was done using PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct (January 2006-February 2015). Quality assessment of SR/MA was performed using AMSTAR. The PRECEDE-PROCEED model was used for classifying the interventions into predisposing, enabling, reinforcing, environment, and policy domains of focus.
Eleven SR/MA included 220 primary studies, of which 139 (63%) were randomized controlled trials. Of 48 interventions identified, 22 (46%) and 17 (35%) focused on predisposing or enabling employees to have more PA, respectively. Of the 22 predisposing factors, 6 were information delivery, 5 were self-motivation, and 11 were program training. The enabling approaches were 12 instrument resources and 5 health service facilities. The reinforcing approaches were 4 incentive and 3 social support. The remaining interventions focused on the environmental development and policy regulation.
This systematic meta-review classified interventions using appropriate framework and described the intervention pattern.
与久坐不动的人相比，积极进行身体活动（PA）的人患各种疾病的风险较低。关于工作场所促进身体活动计划效果的证据很多，并且已经发表了几项系统评价（SR）和/或荟萃分析（MA）。然而，它们没有考虑可能影响干预措施的因素。本文旨在根据SR/MA的证据对工作场所促进身体活动的干预措施进行分类和描述。
使用PubMed、科学网和科学Direct（2006年1月至2015年2月）对SR/MA进行文献检索。使用AMSTAR对SR/MA进行质量评估。采用PRECEDE-PROCEED模型将干预措施分为倾向因素、促成因素、强化因素、环境因素和政策重点领域。
11项SR/MA纳入了220项原始研究，其中139项（63%）为随机对照试验。在确定的48项干预措施中，分别有22项（46%）和17项（35%）侧重于使员工有更多身体活动的倾向因素或促成因素。在22个倾向因素中，6个是信息传递，5个是自我激励，11个是项目培训。促成方法包括12种工具资源和5种健康服务设施。强化方法包括4种激励措施和3种社会支持。其余干预措施侧重于环境发展和政策监管。
本系统荟萃综述使用适当的框架对干预措施进行了分类，并描述了干预模式。
