Larmuseau Maarten H D, Claerhout Sofie, Gruyters Leen, Nivelle Kelly, Vandenbosch Michiel, Peeters Anke, van den Berg Pieter, Wenseleers Tom, Decorte Ronny
Laboratory of Socioecology and Social Evolution, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Department of Imaging & Pathology, KU Leuven, Forensic Biomedical Sciences, Leuven, Belgium.
Am J Hum Biol. 2017 Nov;29(6). doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23046. Epub 2017 Jul 25.
Evolutionary theory has shown that seeking out extrapair paternity (EPP) can be a viable reproductive strategy for both sexes in pair-bonded species, also in humans. As yet, estimates of the contemporary or historical EPP rate in human population are still rare. In the present study, we estimated the historical EPP rate in the Dutch population over the last 400 years and compared the rate with those obtained for other human populations to determine the evolutionary, cultural, and socio-demographic factors that influence human cuckoldry behavior.
We estimated the historical EPP rate for the Dutch population via the "genealogical pair method", in which the EPP rate is derived from Y-chromosome mismatches between pairs of individuals that, based on genealogical evidence, share a common paternal ancestor.
Based on the analysis of 68 representative genealogical pairs, separated by a total of 1013 fertilization events, we estimated that the historical EPP rate for the Dutch population over the last 400 years was 0.96% per generation (95% confidence interval 0.46%-1.76%).
The Dutch EPP rate fits perfectly within the range reported for other contemporary and historical populations in Western Europe and was highly congruent with that estimated for neighboring Flanders, despite the socio-economic and religious differences between both populations. The estimated low EPP rate challenges the "dual mating strategy hypothesis" that states that women could obtain fitness benefits by securing investment from one man while cuckolding him to obtain good genes from an affair partner.
进化理论表明，寻求婚外亲子关系（EPP）对于配偶关系物种中的两性而言，包括人类，都可能是一种可行的繁殖策略。然而，对当代或历史上人类群体中EPP发生率的估计仍然很少。在本研究中，我们估计了荷兰人口在过去400年中的历史EPP发生率，并将该发生率与其他人类群体的发生率进行比较，以确定影响人类通奸行为的进化、文化和社会人口因素。
我们通过“系谱配对法”估计了荷兰人口的历史EPP发生率，在该方法中，EPP发生率是从基于系谱证据共享共同父系祖先的个体对之间的Y染色体错配中得出的。
基于对68对具有代表性的系谱对的分析，这些系谱对之间共有1013次受精事件，我们估计荷兰人口在过去400年中的历史EPP发生率为每代0.96%（95%置信区间0.46%-1.76%）。
荷兰的EPP发生率完全符合西欧其他当代和历史人口报告的范围，并且与邻国佛兰德的估计发生率高度一致，尽管这两个人口群体在社会经济和宗教方面存在差异。估计的低EPP发生率对“双重交配策略假说”提出了挑战，该假说认为女性可以通过从一个男人那里获得投资，同时背叛他以从婚外伴侣那里获得优良基因来获得生育优势。
