University of Pikeville, Kentucky College of Osteopathic Medicine, Pikeville, KY 41501, United States.
Department of Physiology, University of Kentucky, College of Medicine, Lexington, KY 40536, United States.
Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids. 2017 Oct;1862(10 Pt B):1155-1165. doi: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 22.
Sphingolipids are a diverse class of lipids that have regulatory, structural, and metabolic functions. Although chemically distinct from the neutral lipids and the glycerophospholipids, which are the main lipid components of the lipid droplets, sphingolipids have nonetheless been shown to influence lipid droplet formation. The goal of this article is to review the available information and provide a cohesive picture of the role sphingolipids play in lipid droplet biogenesis. The following topics are discussed: (i) the abundance of sphingolipids in lipid droplets and their functional significance; (ii) cross-talk between the synthetic pathways of sphingolipids, glycerophospholipids, and neutral lipids; (iii) the impact of bioactive sphingolipids on TAG synthesis and degradation; (iv) interactions between sphingolipids and other lipid droplet components, like cholesterol esters and proteins; (v) inhibition/genetic deletion of specific sphingolipid metabolic enzymes and the resulting effects on lipid droplet formation in mouse models. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Recent Advances in Lipid Droplet Biology edited by Rosalind Coleman and Matthijs Hesselink.
鞘脂是一类具有调节、结构和代谢功能的多样化脂质。尽管鞘脂在化学上与中性脂质和甘油磷脂不同，它们是脂滴的主要脂质成分，但已有研究表明鞘脂会影响脂滴的形成。本文旨在综述现有资料，并提供鞘脂在脂滴生物发生中作用的综合图景。讨论的主题包括：（i）鞘脂在脂滴中的丰度及其功能意义；（ii）鞘脂、甘油磷脂和中性脂质合成途径之间的串扰；（iii）生物活性鞘脂对 TAG 合成和降解的影响；（iv）鞘脂与胆固醇酯和蛋白质等其他脂滴成分之间的相互作用；（v）特定鞘脂代谢酶的抑制/基因缺失及其对小鼠模型中脂滴形成的影响。本文是由 Rosalind Coleman 和 Matthijs Hesselink 编辑的题为“脂质滴生物学的最新进展”特刊的一部分。
