Mucci Clara
D'Annunzio University , Chieti, Italy.
Am J Psychoanal. 2017 Sep;77(3):239-254. doi: 10.1057/s11231-017-9104-7.
Many of the revolutionary principles introduced by Ferenczi in his clinical practice have now been widely accepted especially in the field of trauma and trauma therapy. Examples of these innovative views include his emphasis on empathy as opposed to technical neutrality and his stress on the real conditions of child caring and family environmental deficits and on the consequences of interpersonal violence and abuse that lead to "identification with the aggressor" by the victim thereby resulting in the internalization of both aggressiveness and guilt (the split guilt of the abuser). The resulting "fragmentation" of the personality, which is now considered dissociation (instead of Freud's "repression"), is at the root of several severe disorders, characterized by distortion of reality, loss of touch with one's body and loss of trust in the other. Therefore "abreaction is not enough". A new, positive relational experience must be re-inscribed at the level of implicit memory.
费伦齐在其临床实践中引入的许多革命性原则如今已被广泛接受，尤其是在创伤及创伤治疗领域。这些创新观点的例子包括，他强调共情而非技术中立，以及他着重关注儿童照料的实际情况、家庭环境缺陷，还有人际暴力和虐待的后果，这些后果会导致受害者“认同攻击者”，从而使攻击性和内疚感（施虐者的分裂内疚感）内化。由此产生的人格“碎片化”，如今被认为是解离（而非弗洛伊德所说的“压抑”），是几种严重障碍的根源，其特征包括现实扭曲、身体失联以及对他人失去信任。因此，“宣泄是不够的”。一种新的、积极的关系体验必须重新铭刻在隐性记忆层面。
