Abohatem Mansour A, Bakil Yazid, Baaziz Mohmmed
Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Languages, Amran University, Hajjh Street, P.O. Box 31082, Amran, Yemen.
Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Public Corporation for Agricultural Services, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, Al Ziraah Street, Sana'a, Yemen.
Methods Mol Biol. 2017;1637:203-214. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7156-5_17.
Somatic embryogenesis is one of the most important technologies for plant regeneration of elite date palm cultivars. Recently, considerable progress has been made in the development and optimization of this technique from embryogenic cell suspension cultures. This chapter describes a procedure for the rapid development of a large number of somatic embryos from embryogenic cell suspension cultures. An efficient plant regeneration protocol via somatic embryogenesis from cell suspension cultures starting with shoot-tip explants to plantlet acclimatization also is fully described. Low concentrations of 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) to 0.3 mg/L and high rate of subcultures each 7 days lead to improve the establishment and multiplication of somatic embryos in suspension cultures by limiting oxidative browning, associated with high total phenols and peroxidase activities. The detailed morphological observations have revealed the cells destined to become somatic embryos. Activated charcoal (AC) at 0.15 g/L has a positive effect on growth rate of somatic embryos by reducing tissue and medium browning, phenolics, and peroxidase activity.
体细胞胚胎发生是优良枣椰树品种植物再生的最重要技术之一。最近，从胚性细胞悬浮培养物中开发和优化这项技术取得了相当大的进展。本章描述了一种从胚性细胞悬浮培养物中快速产生大量体细胞胚胎的方法。还全面描述了一种从茎尖外植体开始，经体细胞胚胎发生，到小植株驯化的高效植物再生方案。低浓度至0.3 mg/L的6-苄氨基嘌呤（BAP）以及每7天进行一次的高继代培养频率，通过限制与高总酚和过氧化物酶活性相关的氧化褐变，促进了悬浮培养中体细胞胚胎的建立和增殖。详细的形态学观察揭示了注定要成为体细胞胚胎的细胞。0.15 g/L的活性炭（AC）通过减少组织和培养基褐变、酚类物质以及过氧化物酶活性，对体细胞胚胎的生长速率有积极影响。
