Département de Biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, 2500 Boulevard de l'Université, Sherbrooke, Québec J1K 2R1, Canada.
Curr Opin Virol. 2017 Oct;26:43-48. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2017.07.008. Epub 2017 Jul 26.
NLR proteins confer resistance to multiple types of biotrophic pathogens, including viruses. NLRs are highly variable in sequence, suggesting that they are under selection pressure, but also that they may be manipulated to generate proteins with new recognition specificities. However, transferring of effective NLRs and engineering new specificities is subject to a number of constraints. Recent insights into NLR function suggest a number of reasons for these difficulties and new techniques have increased our ability to identify effective NLRs. This review discusses how this new information may allow researchers to better take advantage of the potential of NLRs for creating virus-resistant plants, including the identification, modification and transfer of NLRs as well as re-engineering NLRs to recognize viruses based on viral protein function.
NLR 蛋白赋予植物对多种生物病原体（包括病毒）的抗性。NLR 序列高度多变，表明它们受到选择压力的影响，但也可能被操纵以产生具有新识别特异性的蛋白质。然而，有效 NLR 的转移和新特异性的工程设计受到许多限制。最近对 NLR 功能的深入了解为这些困难提供了一些原因，并且新技术提高了我们识别有效 NLR 的能力。本文综述了这些新信息如何使研究人员能够更好地利用 NLR 来培育抗病毒植物的潜力，包括 NLR 的鉴定、修饰和转移，以及基于病毒蛋白功能对 NLR 进行重新设计以识别病毒。
