Bullo Valentina, Gobbo Stefano, Vendramin Barbara, Duregon Federica, Cugusi Lucia, Di Blasio Andrea, Bocalini Danilo Sales, Zaccaria Marco, Bergamin Marco, Ermolao Andrea
1 Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova , Padova, Italy .
2 Department of Medical Sciences "M. Aresu, " University of Cagliari , Cagliari, Italy .
Rejuvenation Res. 2018 Apr;21(2):141-161. doi: 10.1089/rej.2017.1921. Epub 2017 Nov 20.
The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize and analyze the effects of Nordic Walking on physical fitness, body composition, and quality of life in the elderly. Keyword "Nordic Walking" associated with "elderly" AND/OR "aging" AND/OR "old subjects" AND/OR "aged" AND/OR "older adults" were used in the online database MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, and SPORTDiscus. Only studies written in English language and published in peer-reviewed journals were considered. A meta-analysis was performed and effect sizes calculated. Fifteen studies were identified; age of participants ranged from 60 to 92 years old. Comparing with a sedentary group, effect sizes showed that Nordic Walking was able to improve dynamic balance (0.30), functional balance (0.62), muscle strength of upper (0.66) and lower limbs (0.43), aerobic capacity (0.92), cardiovascular outcomes (0.23), body composition (0.30), and lipid profile (0.67). It seemed that Nordic Walking had a negative effect on static balance (-0.72). Comparing with a walking (alone) training, effect sizes showed that Nordic Walking improved the dynamic balance (0.30), flexibility of the lower body (0.47), and quality of life (0.53). Walking training was more effective in improving aerobic capacity (-0.21). Comparing Nordic Walking with resistance training, effect sizes showed that Nordic Walking improved dynamic balance (0.33), muscle strength of the lower body (0.39), aerobic capacity (0.75), flexibility of the upper body (0.41), and the quality of life (0.93). Nordic Walking can be considered as a safe and accessible form of aerobic exercise for the elderly population, able to improve cardiovascular outcomes, muscle strength, balance ability, and quality of life.
本系统评价和荟萃分析的目的是总结和分析越野行走对老年人身体素质、身体成分和生活质量的影响。在在线数据库MEDLINE、Embase、PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO和SPORTDiscus中使用了与“老年人”和/或“衰老”和/或“老年受试者”和/或“老年人”和/或“老年人”相关的关键词“越野行走”。仅考虑用英语撰写并发表在同行评审期刊上的研究。进行了荟萃分析并计算了效应大小。共纳入15项研究；参与者年龄在60至92岁之间。与久坐组相比，效应大小表明越野行走能够改善动态平衡（0.30）、功能平衡（0.62）、上肢（0.66）和下肢（0.43）肌肉力量、有氧能力（0.92）、心血管结局（0.23）、身体成分（0.30）和血脂谱（0.67）。越野行走似乎对静态平衡有负面影响（-0.72）。与单纯行走训练相比，效应大小表明越野行走改善了动态平衡（0.30）、下肢柔韧性（0.47）和生活质量（0.53）。行走训练在提高有氧能力方面更有效（-0.21）。将越野行走与阻力训练进行比较，效应大小表明越野行走改善了动态平衡（0.33）、下肢肌肉力量（0.39）、有氧能力（0.75）、上肢柔韧性（0.41）和生活质量（0.93）。越野行走可被视为一种安全且适合老年人的有氧运动形式，能够改善心血管结局、肌肉力量、平衡能力和生活质量。
