Kocan Beata, Maziarz Aleksandra, Tabarkiewicz Jacek, Ochiya Takahiro, Banaś-Ząbczyk Agnieszka
Laboratory of Stem Cells' Biology, Department of Human Immunology, Chair of Preclinical Studies, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Ul. Kopisto 2a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzeszow, Ul. Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
Stem Cells Int. 2017;2017:1653254. doi: 10.1155/2017/1653254. Epub 2017 Jul 5.
There has been an increased interest in mesenchymal stem cells from adipose tissue, due to their abundance and accessibility with no ethical concerns. Their multipotent properties make them appropriate for regenerative clinical applications. It has been shown that adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) may differ between the origin sites. Moreover, a variety of internal and external factors may affect their biological characteristics, as what we aimed to highlight in this review. It has been demonstrated that ASCs secrete multiple trophic factors that are capable of stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation and migration of various cell types. Particular attention should be given to exosomes, since it is known that they contribute to the paracrine effects of MSCs. Secretion of trophic agents by ASCs is thought to be in a greater importance for regenerative medicine applications, rather than cells engraftment to the site of injury and their differentiation ability. The surface marker profile of ASCs seems to be similar to that of the mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow, although some molecular differences are observed. Thus, in this review, we have attempted to define trophic activity, as well as phenotypic characterization of ASCs, as crucial factors for therapeutic usage.
由于脂肪组织来源的间充质干细胞数量丰富、获取容易且不存在伦理问题，人们对其的兴趣与日俱增。它们的多能特性使其适用于再生医学临床应用。研究表明，脂肪来源干细胞（ASC）可能因来源部位不同而存在差异。此外，多种内部和外部因素可能会影响其生物学特性，这也是我们在本综述中旨在强调的内容。已证实ASC能分泌多种营养因子，这些因子能够刺激多种细胞类型的增殖、分化和迁移。应特别关注外泌体，因为已知它们有助于间充质干细胞的旁分泌作用。ASC分泌营养因子被认为在再生医学应用中比细胞植入损伤部位及其分化能力更为重要。ASC的表面标志物谱似乎与骨髓间充质干细胞相似，尽管也观察到了一些分子差异。因此，在本综述中，我们试图将营养活性以及ASC的表型特征定义为治疗应用的关键因素。
