Gómez-Campos Rossana, Andruske Cynthia Lee, Arruda Miguel de, Urra Albornoz Camilo, Cossio-Bolaños Marco
Faculty of Physical Education, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
Universidad Autonoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
PLoS One. 2017 Jul 31;12(7):e0181918. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0181918. eCollection 2017.
The Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA) is the gold standard for measuring BMD and bone mineral content (BMC). In general, DXA is ideal for pediatric use. However, the development of specific standards for particular geographic regions limits its use and application for certain socio-cultural contexts. Additionally, the anthropometry may be a low cost and easy to use alternative method in epidemiological contexts. The goal of our study was to develop regression equations for predicting bone health of children and adolescents based on anthropometric indicators to propose reference values based on age and sex.
3020 students (1567 males and 1453 females) ranging in ages 4.0 to 18.9 were studied from the Maule Region (Chile). Anthropometric variables evaluated included: weight, standing height, sitting height, forearm length, and femur diameter. A total body scan (without the head) was conducted by means of the Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry. Bone mineral density (BMD) and the bone mineral content (BMC) were also determined. Calcium consumption was controlled for by recording the intake of the three last days prior to the evaluation. Body Mass Index (BMI) was calculated, and somatic maturation was determined by using the years of peak growth rate (APHV).
Four regression models were generated to calculate bone health: for males BMD = (R2 = 0.79) and BMC = (R2 = 0.84) and for the females BMD = (R2 = 0.76) and BMC = (R2 = 0.83). Percentiles were developed by using the LMS method (p3, p5, p15, p25, p50, p75, p85, p95 and p97).
Regression equations and reference curves were developed to assess the bone health of Chilean children and adolescents. These instruments help identify children with potential underlying problems in bone mineralization during the growth stage and biological maturation.
双能X线吸收法（DXA）是测量骨密度（BMD）和骨矿物质含量（BMC）的金标准。一般来说，DXA非常适合儿科使用。然而，特定地理区域的特定标准的制定限制了其在某些社会文化背景下的使用和应用。此外，人体测量学在流行病学背景下可能是一种低成本且易于使用的替代方法。我们研究的目的是基于人体测量指标开发预测儿童和青少年骨骼健康的回归方程，并根据年龄和性别提出参考值。
对来自智利马乌莱地区的3020名学生（1567名男性和1453名女性）进行了研究，年龄范围在4.0至18.9岁之间。评估的人体测量变量包括：体重、身高、坐高、前臂长度和股骨直径。通过双能X线吸收法进行全身扫描（不包括头部）。还测定了骨密度（BMD）和骨矿物质含量（BMC）。通过记录评估前最后三天的摄入量来控制钙的摄入量。计算体重指数（BMI），并使用生长速率峰值年份（APHV）确定身体成熟度。
生成了四个计算骨骼健康的回归模型：男性的BMD =（R2 = 0.79）和BMC =（R2 = 0.84），女性的BMD =（R2 = 0.76）和BMC =（R2 = 0.83）。使用LMS方法（p3、p5、p15、p25、p50、p75、p85、p95和p97）制定百分位数。
开发了回归方程和参考曲线以评估智利儿童和青少年的骨骼健康。这些工具有助于识别在生长阶段和生物成熟过程中骨矿化存在潜在问题的儿童。
