Stevenson Jada L, Paton Chad M, Cooper Jamie A
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas, USA.
Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA; Department of Foods and Nutrition, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Nutrition. 2017 Sep;41:14-23. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2017.03.008. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
Previous studies have shown that polyunsaturated fats (PUFAs) elicit a greater response in satiety after a single-meal challenge compared with other types of fats. The long-term effects of PUFAs on satiety, however, remain unknown. The aim of this study was to determine subjective and physiological hunger and satiety responses to high-fat (HF) meals before and after a 7-d PUFA-rich diet.
Twenty-six, healthy weight (body mass index 18-24.9 kg/m), sedentary adults were randomly assigned to either a 7-d PUFA-rich diet (n = 8 men and n = 8 women) or a 7-d control diet (n = 5 men and n = 5 women). After a 3-d lead-in diet, participants reported for the baseline visit where anthropometrics, fasting visual analog scale (VAS) measurements, and a fasting blood sample were collected. Then, two HF meals (breakfast and lunch) were consumed. Postprandial blood draws and VAS measures were collected approximately every 30 min for 4 h after each meal, for a total of 8 h.
From pre- to post-PUFA-rich diet, there was a decrease in fasting ghrelin (P < 0.05) and an increase in fasting peptide YY (PYY; P < 0.05); however, there were no changes in fasting insulin or leptin concentrations. The postprandial response for PYY was higher after the PUFA-rich diet visit compared to baseline (P < 0.01). However, there were no differences in the postprandial response for ghrelin, insulin, leptin, or VAS measures from pre- to post-diet in either the PUFA-rich diet or control (ns).
A PUFA-rich diet consumed for 7 d favorably altered fasting and postprandial physiological markers of hunger and satiety; yet, did not alter subjective ratings of hunger or fullness.
先前的研究表明，与其他类型的脂肪相比，多不饱和脂肪（PUFAs）在单餐挑战后能引发更强的饱腹感反应。然而，PUFAs对饱腹感的长期影响仍不清楚。本研究的目的是确定在富含PUFA的饮食7天前后，对高脂（HF）餐的主观和生理饥饿及饱腹感反应。
26名体重正常（体重指数18 - 24.9 kg/m）、久坐不动的成年人被随机分配到富含PUFA的7天饮食组（n = 8名男性和n = 8名女性）或7天对照组饮食组（n = 5名男性和n = 5名女性）。经过3天的导入饮食后，参与者前来进行基线访视，在此期间收集人体测量数据、空腹视觉模拟量表（VAS）测量值以及空腹血样。然后，食用两顿高脂餐（早餐和午餐）。每餐后约每30分钟进行一次餐后采血和VAS测量，共持续4小时，总计8小时。
从富含PUFA的饮食前到饮食后，空腹胃饥饿素降低（P < 0.05），空腹肽YY（PYY）升高（P < 0.05）；然而，空腹胰岛素或瘦素浓度没有变化。与基线相比，富含PUFA的饮食访视后PYY的餐后反应更高（P < 0.01）。然而，在富含PUFA的饮食组或对照组中，从饮食前到饮食后，胃饥饿素、胰岛素、瘦素或VAS测量的餐后反应均无差异（无显著性差异）。
食用7天富含PUFA的饮食可有利地改变饥饿和饱腹感的空腹及餐后生理指标；然而，并未改变饥饿或饱腹感的主观评分。
