作为医学生同理心预测指标的医学院校选拔标准：爱尔兰医学生的横断面研究
Medical school selection criteria as predictors of medical student empathy: a cross-sectional study of medical students, Ireland.
作者信息
O'Sullivan Donnchadh M, Moran Joseph, Corcoran Paul, O'Flynn Siun, O'Tuathaigh Colm, O'Sullivan Aoife M
机构信息
School of Medicine, University College Cork, Brookfield Health Sciences Complex, Cork, Ireland.
Department of General Practice, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2017 Aug 1;7(7):e016076. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016076.
OBJECTIVES
To determine whether performance in any of the Health Professions Admissions Test (HPAT) sections, most specifically the interpersonal understanding section, correlates with self-reported empathy levels in medical students.
SETTING
The study was conducted in University College Cork, Ireland.
PARTICIPANTS
290 students participated in the study. Matching HPAT scores were available for 263 students. All male and female undergraduate students were invited to participate. Postgraduate and international students were excluded.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES
Primary measures: HPAT-Ireland and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSE) scores were compared including subsection analysis. Secondary measures: comparisons were made between groups such as gender and year of programme.
RESULTS
A total of 290 students participated. Males scored significantly higher than females for total HPAT-Ireland (U=7329, z=-2.04, p<0.05), HPAT-Ireland section 1 (U=5382, z=-5.21, p<0.001) and section 3 scores (U=6833, z=-2.85, p<0.01). In contrast, females scored significantly higher than males on HPAT-Ireland section 2 (U=5844, z=-4.46, p<0.001). Females demonstrated significantly higher total JSE scores relative to males (mean score ± SEM: 113.33±1.05 109.21±0.95; U=8450, z=-2.83, p<0.01). No significant association was observed between JSE scores and any of the HPAT-Ireland measures (all p>0.05). There was no effect of programme year on JSE scores (all p>0.05).
CONCLUSION
The introduction of the HPAT-Ireland test was partly designed to identify students with strong interpersonal skills. A significant finding of this study is that JSE values did not correlate with HPAT-Ireland scores. This study suggests no clear link between scores on a selection test, the HPAT-Ireland, which is designed to assess several skill domains including interpersonal skills, and scores on a psychometric measure of empathy, at any point during medical education.
目的
确定健康职业入学考试（HPAT）各部分的表现，尤其是人际理解部分，是否与医学生自我报告的共情水平相关。
背景
该研究在爱尔兰科克大学学院进行。
参与者
290名学生参与了该研究。263名学生有匹配的HPAT分数。所有本科男女学生均被邀请参与。研究生和国际学生被排除在外。
主要和次要结局指标
主要指标：比较HPAT-爱尔兰和杰斐逊医生共情量表（JSE）的分数，包括子部分分析。次要指标：在性别和课程年份等组间进行比较。
结果
共有290名学生参与。在HPAT-爱尔兰总分（U = 7329，z = -2.04，p < 0.05）、HPAT-爱尔兰第1部分（U = 5382，z = -5.21，p < 0.001）和第3部分分数（U = 6833，z = -2.85，p < 0.01）方面，男性得分显著高于女性。相比之下，女性在HPAT-爱尔兰第2部分的得分显著高于男性（U = 5844，z = -4.46，p < 0.001）。相对于男性，女性的JSE总分显著更高（平均得分±标准误：113.33±1.05对109.21±0.95；U = 8450，z = -2.83，p < 0.01）。未观察到JSE分数与任何HPAT-爱尔兰测量指标之间存在显著关联（所有p > 0.05）。课程年份对JSE分数没有影响（所有p > 0.05）。
结论
引入HPAT-爱尔兰考试的部分目的是识别具有较强人际技能的学生。本研究的一个重要发现是JSE值与HPAT-爱尔兰分数不相关。本研究表明，旨在评估包括人际技能在内的多个技能领域的选拔考试HPAT-爱尔兰的分数，与医学教育期间任何时间点的共情心理测量分数之间没有明确联系。
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