Beblo-Vranesevic Kristina, Huber Harald, Rettberg Petra
Radiation Biology Division, Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR e.V.)Cologne, Germany.
Institute for Microbiology and Archaea Center, Faculty of Biology and Preclinical Medicine, University of RegensburgRegensburg, Germany.
Front Microbiol. 2017 Jul 18;8:1369. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01369. eCollection 2017.
On Mars, significant amounts (0.4-0.6%) of perchlorate ions were detected in dry soil by the Phoenix Wet Chemistry Laboratory and later confirmed with the Mars Science Laboratory. Therefore, the ability of , a desiccation tolerant bacterium, to survive and grow in the presence of perchlorates was determined. Results indicated that was able to tolerate concentrations of sodium perchlorate up to 200 mM ( 1.6%) during cultivation without any changes in its growth pattern. After the addition of up to 440 mM ( 3.7%) sodium perchlorate, showed significant changes in cell morphology; from single motile short rods to long cell chains up to 80 cells. Furthermore, it was shown that the known desiccation tolerance of is highly influenced by a pre-treatment with different perchlorates; additive effects of desiccation and perchlorate treatments are visible in a reduced survival rate. These data demonstrate that thermophiles, especially , have so far, unknown high tolerances against cell damaging treatments and may serve as model organisms for future space experiments.
在火星上，凤凰号湿化学实验室在干燥土壤中检测到大量（0.4 - 0.6%）的高氯酸根离子，随后火星科学实验室也证实了这一发现。因此，研究了耐干燥细菌在高氯酸盐存在下的存活和生长能力。结果表明，在培养过程中，该细菌能够耐受高达200 mM（1.6%）的高氯酸钠浓度，其生长模式没有任何变化。添加高达440 mM（3.7%）的高氯酸钠后，该细菌的细胞形态出现显著变化；从单个可运动的短杆菌变成了长达80个细胞的长细胞链。此外，研究表明，该细菌已知的耐干燥能力受到不同高氯酸盐预处理的高度影响；干燥和高氯酸盐处理的叠加效应在存活率降低中可见。这些数据表明，嗜热菌，尤其是该细菌，迄今为止对细胞损伤处理具有未知的高耐受性，可能成为未来太空实验的模式生物。
