Gaaz Tayser Sumer, Sulong Abu Bakar, Ansari M N M, Kadhum Abdul Amir H, Al-Amiery Ahmed A, Nassir Mohamed H
Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering & Built Environment, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia.
Center for Advanced Materials, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Kajang 43000, Selangor, Malaysia.
Materials (Basel). 2017 Jul 10;10(7):777. doi: 10.3390/ma10070777.
The advancements in material science and technology have made polyurethane (PU) one of the most important renewable polymers. Enhancing the physio-chemical and mechanical properties of PU has become the theme of this and many other studies. One of these enhancements was carried out by adding starch to PU to form new renewable materials called polyurethane-starch composites (PUS). In this study, PUS composites are prepared by adding starch at 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 wt.% to a PU matrix. The mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of PU and PUS composites were investigated. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of PU and PUS fractured surfaces show cracks and agglomeration in PUS at 1.5 wt.% starch. The thermo-mechanical properties of the PUS composites were improved as starch content increased to 1.5 wt.% and declined by more starch loading. Despite this reduction, the mechanical properties were still better than that of neat PU. The mechanical strength increased as starch content increased to 1.5 wt.%. The tensile, flexural, and impact strengths of the PUS composites were found to be 9.62 MPa, 126.04 MPa, and 12.87 × 10 J/mm², respectively, at 1.5 wt.% starch. Thermal studies showed that the thermal stability and crystallization temperature of the PUS composites increased compared to that of PU. The loss modulus curves showed that neat PU crystallizes at 124 °C and at 127 °C for PUS-0.5 wt.% and rises with increasing loading from 0.5 to 2 wt.%.
材料科学与技术的进步使聚氨酯（PU）成为最重要的可再生聚合物之一。增强聚氨酯的物理化学和机械性能已成为本研究及许多其他研究的主题。其中一种增强方法是在聚氨酯中添加淀粉，以形成名为聚氨酯-淀粉复合材料（PUS）的新型可再生材料。在本研究中，通过向聚氨酯基体中添加0.5%、1.0%、1.5%和2.0%（重量百分比）的淀粉来制备PUS复合材料。对聚氨酯和PUS复合材料的机械、热学和形态学性能进行了研究。聚氨酯和PUS断裂表面的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）图像显示，在淀粉含量为1.5%（重量）的PUS中存在裂纹和团聚现象。随着淀粉含量增加到1.5%（重量），PUS复合材料的热机械性能得到改善，但淀粉含量进一步增加时性能下降。尽管有所下降，但机械性能仍优于纯聚氨酯。随着淀粉含量增加到1.5%（重量），机械强度提高。在淀粉含量为1.5%（重量）时，PUS复合材料的拉伸强度、弯曲强度和冲击强度分别为9.62MPa、126.04MPa和12.87×10J/mm²。热学研究表明，与聚氨酯相比，PUS复合材料的热稳定性和结晶温度有所提高。损耗模量曲线显示，纯聚氨酯在124°C结晶，PUS-0.5%（重量）在127°C结晶，并且随着负载从0.5%增加到2%（重量）而升高。
