Broda Anja, Bieber Anja, Meyer Gabriele, Hopper Louise, Joyce Rachael, Irving Kate, Zanetti Orazio, Portolani Elisa, Kerpershoek Liselot, Verhey Frans, Vugt Marjolein de, Wolfs Claire, Eriksen Siren, Røsvik Janne, Marques Maria J, Gonçalves-Pereira Manuel, Sjölund Britt-Marie, Woods Bob, Jelley Hannah, Orrell Martin, Stephan Astrid
Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Health and Nursing Sciences, Magdeburger Straße 8, D-06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Dublin City University, School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin, Ireland.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2017 Aug 3;17(1):518. doi: 10.1186/s12913-017-2456-0.
As part of the ActifCare (ACcess to Timely Formal Care) project, we conducted expert interviews in eight European countries with policy and political decision makers, or representatives of relevant institutions, to determine their perspectives on access to formal care for people with dementia and their carers.
Each ActifCare country (Germany, Ireland, Italy, The Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, United Kingdom) conducted semi-structured interviews with 4-7 experts (total N = 38). The interview guide addressed the topics "Complexity and Continuity of Care", "Formal Services", and "Public Awareness". Country-specific analysis of interview transcripts used an inductive qualitative content analysis. Cross-national synthesis focused on similarities in themes across the ActifCare countries.
The analysis revealed ten common themes and two additional sub-themes across countries. Among others, the experts highlighted the need for a coordinating role and the necessity of information to address issues of complexity and continuity of care, demanded person-centred, tailored, and multidisciplinary formal services, and referred to education, mass media and campaigns as means to raise public awareness.
Policy and political decision makers appear well acquainted with current discussions among both researchers and practitioners of possible approaches to improve access to dementia care. Experts described pragmatic, realistic strategies to influence dementia care. Suggested innovations concerned how to achieve improved dementia care, rather than transforming the nature of the services provided. Knowledge gained in these expert interviews may be useful to national decision makers when they consider reshaping the organisation of dementia care, and may thus help to develop best-practice strategies and recommendations.
作为“积极照护（及时获得正式照护）”项目的一部分，我们在八个欧洲国家对政策和政治决策者或相关机构代表进行了专家访谈，以确定他们对痴呆症患者及其照护者获得正式照护的看法。
每个“积极照护”项目参与国家（德国、爱尔兰、意大利、荷兰、挪威、葡萄牙、瑞典、英国）对4至7名专家进行了半结构化访谈（共38人）。访谈指南涉及“照护的复杂性和连续性”“正式服务”以及“公众意识”等主题。对访谈记录进行的国别分析采用归纳性定性内容分析。跨国综合分析聚焦于“积极照护”项目参与国家间主题的相似性。
分析揭示了各国共有的十个常见主题和另外两个子主题。专家们特别强调了协调作用的必要性以及解决照护复杂性和连续性问题所需信息的必要性，要求提供以患者为中心、量身定制的多学科正式服务，并提及教育、大众媒体和宣传活动是提高公众意识的手段。
政策和政治决策者似乎非常熟悉研究人员和从业者目前关于改善痴呆症照护可及性的可能方法的讨论。专家们描述了影响痴呆症照护的务实、现实策略。所建议的创新涉及如何实现更好的痴呆症照护，而非改变所提供服务的性质。这些专家访谈中获得的知识可能有助于国家决策者在考虑重塑痴呆症照护组织形式时提供参考，从而有助于制定最佳实践策略和建议。
