Boeijen Lauke L, Hoogeveen Ruben C, Boonstra Andre, Lauer Georg M
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol. 2017 Jun;31(3):265-272. doi: 10.1016/j.bpg.2017.05.003. Epub 2017 May 22.
Clinical events and the host immune response during hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are intricately linked. Despite decades of research, important questions concerning the immunopathogenesis of chronic HBV infection remain unanswered. For example, it is unclear which immune parameters facilitate persistence, and if HBV can be completely cleared from the human liver. Recent technological breakthroughs now allow researchers to address these seemingly basic, but essential questions surrounding HBV immunity. It will be important to better define the molecular underpinnings of immune cell function and dysfunction during chronic disease and in controlled infection, with particular focus on the liver, as little information is available on the intrahepatic compartment. In the near future, it may be possible to solve some of the controversy surrounding the immune responses to HBV, and establish the features of both the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system required to achieve sustained control of HBV infection.
乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染期间的临床事件与宿主免疫反应密切相关。尽管经过了数十年的研究，但有关慢性HBV感染免疫发病机制的重要问题仍未得到解答。例如，尚不清楚哪些免疫参数有助于病毒持续存在，以及HBV能否从人体肝脏中被完全清除。近期的技术突破使研究人员能够解决这些围绕HBV免疫的看似基本但至关重要的问题。更好地定义慢性疾病和可控感染期间免疫细胞功能及功能障碍的分子基础非常重要，尤其要聚焦于肝脏，因为关于肝内部分的信息很少。在不久的将来，有可能解决一些围绕HBV免疫反应的争议，并确定实现对HBV感染持续控制所需的免疫系统固有免疫和适应性免疫分支的特征。
