Marques Andreia T, Nordio Laura, Lecchi Cristina, Grilli Guido, Giudice Chiara, Ceciliani Fabrizio
Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Università degli Studi di Milano, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Via Celoria 10, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2017 Aug;190:10-17. doi: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2017.06.006. Epub 2017 Jun 24.
Acute phase proteins (APP) are plasma proteins that can modify their expression in response to inflammation caused by tissue injury, infections, immunological disorders or stress. Although APP are produced mainly in liver, extrahepatic production has also been described. As a prerequisite to get insight the expression of APP in chicken during diseases, this study investigated the presence of five APP, including alpha1-acid glycoprotein (AGP), Serum Amyloid A (SAA), PIT54, C-Reactive protein (CRP) and Ovotransferrin (OVT) in twenty tissues collected from healthy chicken (Gallus gallus) by quantitative Real Time PCR and immunohistochemistry. As expected, APP gene abundance was higher in liver compared with other tissues. The mRNA coding for CRP, OVT and SAA was detected in all analyzed tissues with a higher expression in gastrointestinal tract, respiratory and lymphatic samples. SAA expression was particularly high in cecal tonsil, lung, spleen and Meckel's diverticulum, whereas OVT in lung, bursa of Fabricius and pancreas. AGP and PIT54 mRNA expression were detected in all tissues but at negligible levels. Immunohistochemical expression of AGP and OVT was variably detected in different organs, being identified in endothelium of every tissue. Positive cells were present in the epithelium of the mucosal layer of gastrointestinal tract and kidney. Lung and central nervous system stained for both proteins. No positive staining was detected in lymphoid tissues and muscle. These results suggest that most tissues can express different amount of APP even in healthy conditions and are therefore capable to mount a local acute phase reaction.
急性期蛋白（APP）是一类血浆蛋白，其表达可因组织损伤、感染、免疫紊乱或应激所引发的炎症反应而发生改变。尽管APP主要在肝脏中产生，但也有肝外产生的报道。作为深入了解疾病期间鸡体内APP表达情况的前提，本研究通过定量实时聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）和免疫组织化学方法，对从健康鸡（原鸡）采集的20种组织中5种APP的存在情况进行了调查，这5种APP包括α1-酸性糖蛋白（AGP）、血清淀粉样蛋白A（SAA）、PIT54、C反应蛋白（CRP）和卵转铁蛋白（OVT）。正如预期的那样，与其他组织相比，肝脏中APP基因丰度更高。在所有分析的组织中均检测到了编码CRP、OVT和SAA的mRNA，在胃肠道、呼吸道和淋巴组织样本中的表达更高。SAA在盲肠扁桃体、肺、脾脏和梅克尔憩室中的表达尤其高，而OVT在肺、法氏囊和胰腺中的表达较高。在所有组织中均检测到了AGP和PIT54的mRNA表达，但水平极低。在不同器官中均不同程度地检测到了AGP和OVT的免疫组织化学表达，在每个组织的内皮中均有发现。阳性细胞存在于胃肠道黏膜层和肾脏的上皮中。肺和中枢神经系统对这两种蛋白均呈阳性染色。在淋巴组织和肌肉中未检测到阳性染色。这些结果表明，即使在健康状态下，大多数组织也能表达不同量的APP，因此能够引发局部急性期反应。
