Evans S M, Johanson C E
Drug Alcohol Depend. 1986 Oct;18(2):159-64. doi: 10.1016/0376-8716(86)90048-7.
Pigeons trained to discriminate (+)-amphetamine (AMPH) from saline in a two-key food-maintained drug discrimination paradigm, were used to investigate the discriminative stimulus (DS) effects of two structural analogues of amphetamine, namely (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and (+/-)-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA). After discrimination performance was stable (90% injection-appropriate responding), test sessions with various doses of AMPH were conducted and a dose-dependent relationship for AMPH-appropriate responding was obtained. Both MDMA (3.0 mg/kg) and MDA (3.0 or 5.6 mg/kg) substituted for AMPH; however, at these doses MDA produced a greater decrease in response rate compared to AMPH and MDMA. Furthermore, while MDMA and MDA were similar in potency in producing drug-appropriate responding, both were less potent than AMPH. These results indicate that MDMA and MDA have DS effects similar to AMPH in pigeons.
在双按键食物强化药物辨别范式中训练鸽子区分（+）-苯丙胺（AMPH）和生理盐水，以此来研究两种苯丙胺结构类似物，即（+/-）-3,4-亚甲基二氧基甲基苯丙胺（摇头丸，MDMA）和（+/-）-3,4-亚甲基二氧基苯丙胺（MDA）的辨别刺激（DS）效应。在辨别性能稳定后（注射后正确反应率达90%），进行了不同剂量AMPH的测试环节，并获得了AMPH正确反应的剂量依赖性关系。MDMA（3.0毫克/千克）和MDA（3.0或5.6毫克/千克）均可替代AMPH；然而，在这些剂量下，与AMPH和MDMA相比，MDA导致反应率下降幅度更大。此外，虽然MDMA和MDA在产生药物正确反应方面效力相似，但两者均低于AMPH。这些结果表明，MDMA和MDA在鸽子身上具有与AMPH相似的DS效应。
