听诊器问世二百周年：重新评估
The bicentennial of the stethoscope: a reappraisal.
作者信息
David Liliana, Dumitrascu Dan L
机构信息
2 Dept of Internal Medicine, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
出版信息
Clujul Med. 2017;90(3):361-363. doi: 10.15386/cjmed-821. Epub 2017 Jul 15.
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Two hundred years ago Laennec, a young French physician discovered the stethoscope, in order to improve the lung auscultation. The stethoscope became the emblematic appendix of the physicians. Nurses use it also to monitor patients and medical students are proud to use it. We critically review the significance of the stethoscope 200 years after its discovery.
METHODS
Pertinent literature was searched on PubMed and Google about the stethoscope, using also other terms: auscultation, Laennec, medical education, clinical diagnosis. Data were collected in a narrative review.
RESULTS
Two centuries after its invention, the stethoscope still remains a major tool in the hands of healthcare professionals. It is routinely used by medical doctors and has become a mark of their status. Nurses use it also to monitor heart rate and blood pressure. Medical students get familiarized to use it during the medical faculty. Patients perceive the stethoscope as an important symbol of the medical profession.
CONCLUSIONS
Two hundred years ago the stethoscope was invented by Laennec. Despite the advent of X rays, CT, ECG, echocardiography and more recently of the electronic stethoscope, the classical stethoscope invented by Laennec still has its major role in the representation of healthcare providers and is a major utility in clinical diagnosis.
背景与目的
两百年前，年轻的法国医生雷奈克发明了听诊器，以改进肺部听诊。听诊器成为了医生的标志性工具。护士也用它来监测患者，医学生也以能使用它为荣。我们对听诊器发明200年后的意义进行了批判性回顾。
方法
在PubMed和谷歌上搜索了关于听诊器的相关文献，也使用了其他术语：听诊、雷奈克、医学教育、临床诊断。通过叙述性综述收集数据。
结果
发明两百年后，听诊器仍然是医疗保健专业人员手中的主要工具。医生经常使用它，它已成为他们身份的标志。护士也用它来监测心率和血压。医学生在医学院期间就开始熟悉使用它。患者将听诊器视为医疗行业的重要象征。
结论
两百年前雷奈克发明了听诊器。尽管有了X射线、CT、心电图、超声心动图，以及最近的电子听诊器，但雷奈克发明的传统听诊器在医疗服务提供者的形象中仍起着主要作用，并且在临床诊断中具有重要用途。
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