Viikari-Juntura Eira, Virta Lauri J, Kausto Johanna, Autti-Rämö Ilona, Martimo Kari-Pekka, Laaksonen Mikko, Leinonen Taina, Husgafvel-Pursiainen Kirsti, Burdorf Alex, Solovieva Svetlana
Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, PO Box 40, 00251 Helsinki, Finland.
Scand J Work Environ Health. 2017 Sep 1;43(5):447-456. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3664. Epub 2017 Aug 7.
Objectives The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the use of part-time sick leave at the early (first 12 weeks) stage of work disability due to mental disorder or musculoskeletal disease on sustained return to work (RTW) and overall work participation. Methods In a nation-wide register-based quasi-experimental study, we compared sustained RTW (ie, ≥28 consecutive days at work) and 2-year work participation between the part- and full-time sickness absence (SA) benefit groups (N=1878 in each group) using propensity-score matching. Persons who received partial or full SA benefit due to musculoskeletal diseases or mental disorders between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2011 were eligible as cases or controls, respectively. Results A higher proportion showed sustained RTW after part- compared to full-time sick leave [absolute risk difference 8.0%, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 5.3-10.9]. Moreover, the proportion of time at work was at a 10.5% higher level in the part- compared to full-time sick leave group. The prevalence of full disability retirement was almost three-fold among the full- compared to part-time sick leave group, whereas partial disability retirement was 4.5-fold more prevalent in the part- compared to full-time sick leave group. Conclusions The use of part-time sick leave during the first three months of SA enhances RTW and overall work participation during two years among persons with mental disorders and musculoskeletal diseases. The prescription of part-time sick leave can be recommended at an early stage of work disability.
目的 本研究旨在评估在因精神障碍或肌肉骨骼疾病导致工作残疾的早期阶段（前12周）使用兼职病假对持续重返工作岗位（RTW）和总体工作参与度的有效性。方法 在一项基于全国登记的准实验研究中，我们使用倾向得分匹配法比较了兼职和全职病假福利组（每组N = 1878）之间的持续RTW（即连续工作≥28天）和两年工作参与度。2010年1月1日至2011年12月31日期间因肌肉骨骼疾病或精神障碍获得部分或全部病假福利的人员分别作为病例或对照。结果 与全职病假相比，兼职病假后持续RTW的比例更高[绝对风险差异8.0%，95%置信区间（95%CI）5.3 - 10.9]。此外，与全职病假组相比，兼职病假组的工作时间比例高出10.5%。与兼职病假组相比，全职病假组完全残疾退休的患病率几乎高出三倍，而与全职病假组相比，兼职病假组部分残疾退休的患病率高出4.5倍。结论 在病假的前三个月使用兼职病假可提高精神障碍和肌肉骨骼疾病患者在两年内的RTW和总体工作参与度。在工作残疾的早期阶段可推荐开具兼职病假。
