Francois Monique E, Durrer Cody, Pistawka Kevin J, Halperin Frank A, Chang Courtney, Little Jonathan P
School of Health and Exercise Sciences, University of British Columbia OkanaganKelowna, BC, Canada.
Kelowna General Hospital, Kelowna Cardiology AssociatesKelowna, BC, Canada.
Front Physiol. 2017 Jul 25;8:528. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00528. eCollection 2017.
High-intensity interval training (HIIT) can improve several aspects of cardiometabolic health. Previous studies have suggested that adaptations to exercise training can be augmented with post-exercise milk or protein consumption, but whether this nutritional strategy can impact the cardiometabolic adaptations to HIIT in type 2 diabetes is unknown. To determine if the addition of a post-exercise milk or protein beverage to a high-intensity interval training (HIIT) intervention improves cardiometabolic health in individuals with type 2 diabetes. In a proof-of-concept, double-blind clinical trial 53 adults with uncomplicated type 2 diabetes were randomized to one of three nutritional beverages (500 mL skim-milk, macronutrient control, or flavored water placebo) consumed after exercise (3 days/week) during a 12 week low-volume HIIT intervention. HIIT involved 10 X 1-min high-intensity intervals separated by 1-min low-intensity recovery periods. Two sessions per week were cardio-based (at ~90% of heart rate max) and one session involved resistance-based exercises (at RPE of 5-6; CR-10 scale) in the same interval pattern. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry), cardiorespiratory fitness ([Formula: see text]), blood pressure, and endothelial function (%FMD) were measured before and after the intervention. There were significant main effects of time (all < 0.05) but no difference between groups (Interaction: all > 0.71) for CGM 24-h mean glucose (-0.5 ± 1.1 mmol/L), HbA (-0.2 ± 0.4%), percent body fat (-0.8 ± 1.6%), and lean mass (+1.1 ± 2.8 kg). Similarly, [Formula: see text] (+2.5 ± 1.6 mL/kg/min) and %FMD (+1.4 ± 1.9%) were increased, and mean arterial blood pressure reduced (-6 ± 7 mmHg), after 12 weeks of HIIT (all < 0.01) with no difference between beverage groups (Interaction: all > 0.11). High-intensity interval training is a potent stimulus for improving several important metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes. The benefits of HIIT are not augmented by the addition of post-exercise protein.
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）可改善心脏代谢健康的多个方面。先前的研究表明，运动后饮用牛奶或摄入蛋白质可增强对运动训练的适应性，但这种营养策略是否会影响2型糖尿病患者对HIIT的心脏代谢适应性尚不清楚。为了确定在高强度间歇训练（HIIT）干预中添加运动后牛奶或蛋白质饮料是否能改善2型糖尿病患者的心脏代谢健康。在一项概念验证性双盲临床试验中，53名无并发症的2型糖尿病成年人被随机分配到三种营养饮料（500毫升脱脂牛奶、宏量营养素对照或调味水安慰剂）中的一种，在为期12周的低容量HIIT干预期间运动后饮用（每周3天）。HIIT包括10次1分钟的高强度间歇，中间间隔1分钟的低强度恢复期。每周两次以有氧运动为主（约为最大心率的90%），一次以阻力训练为主（主观用力程度为5 - 6；CR - 10量表），采用相同的间歇模式。在干预前后测量连续血糖监测（CGM）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA）、身体成分（双能X线吸收法）、心肺适能（[公式：见原文]）、血压和内皮功能（%FMD）。对于CGM 24小时平均血糖（-0.5±1.1毫摩尔/升）、HbA（-0.2±0.4%）、体脂百分比（-0.8±1.6%）和瘦体重（+1.1±2.8千克），存在显著的时间主效应（均<0.05），但组间无差异（交互作用：均>0.71）。同样，在进行12周的HIIT后，[公式：见原文]（+2.5±1.6毫升/千克/分钟）和%FMD（+1.4±1.9%）增加，平均动脉血压降低（-6±7毫米汞柱），饮料组之间无差异（交互作用：均>0.11）。高强度间歇训练是改善2型糖尿病患者多种重要代谢和心血管危险因素的有效刺激因素。运动后补充蛋白质并不能增强HIIT的益处。
