Gajanand Trishan, Cox Emily R, Keating Shelley E, Brown Wendy J, Hordern Matthew D, Burton Nicola W, Chachay Veronique S, Gomersall Sjaan R, Fassett Robert G, Coombes Jeff S
Centre for Research on Exercise, Physical Activity and Health, School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2024 Oct 7;10(4):e002046. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002046. eCollection 2024.
The objective of this study was to compare the effects of novel, time-efficient, low-volume combined aerobic and resistance high-intensity interval training (C-HIIT), and current exercise guidelines (210 min/week of combined moderate-intensity continuous training (C-MICT)), with waitlist control (CON) on glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D).
Sixty-nine low-active people with T2D were randomised to 8 weeks of supervised C-HIIT (78 min/week), supervised C-MICT (210 min/week), or waitlist CON. Those in waitlist CON were re-randomised to supervised C-HIIT/C-MICT at week 8. Following 8 weeks of supervised training, participants completed 10 months of self-directed exercise. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, week 8 and month 12. Participants in waitlist CON were only included in the exercise groups for the month 12 analysis. Analyses were completed using intention-to-treat analysis of covariance (n=69; week 8) and linear mixed modelling (n=63; month 12).
Compared with CON, at week 8, HbA decreased in C-HIIT (adjusted mean difference: -0.7% (95% CI -1.3, -0.2%)) and C-MICT (-1.2% (-1.9, -0.6%)). There were also improvements in C-HIIT and C-MICT versus CON at week 8 for fat mass (-1.9 (-3.1, -0.6) and -1.5 (-2.6, -0.4) kg, respectively), lean mass (1.5 (0.8, 2.3) and 0.9 (0.1, 1.7) kg), and exercise capacity (124 (77, 171) and 49 (5, 93) s). At month 12, adherence was low, and most measures returned to baseline.
Low-volume C-HIIT (78 min/week) and C-MICT (210 min/week) improved glycaemic control, body composition and exercise capacity similarly over 8 weeks in people with T2D. However, at month 12, improvements were not maintained following self-directed exercise. Regardless, these data suggest that supervised low-volume C-HIIT is a time-efficient and effective strategy for improving outcomes in T2D.
本研究旨在比较新型、省时、低容量的有氧与抗阻高强度间歇联合训练（C-HIIT）以及当前运动指南（每周210分钟的中等强度持续联合训练（C-MICT））与候补对照组（CON）对2型糖尿病（T2D）患者血糖控制的影响。
69名低活动量的T2D患者被随机分为8周的监督下的C-HIIT组（每周78分钟）、监督下的C-MICT组（每周210分钟）或候补对照组。候补对照组的患者在第8周重新随机分为监督下的C-HIIT/C-MICT组。经过8周监督训练后，参与者完成10个月的自主锻炼。在基线、第8周和第12个月评估结果。候补对照组的参与者仅在第12个月的分析中纳入运动组。分析采用意向性治疗协方差分析（n = 69；第8周）和线性混合模型（n = 63；第12个月）完成。
与CON组相比，在第8周时，C-HIIT组的糖化血红蛋白（HbA）下降（调整后平均差异：-0.7%（95%CI -1.3，-0.2%）），C-MICT组下降（-1.2%（-1.9，-0.6%））。在第8周时，C-HIIT组和C-MICT组与CON组相比，在脂肪量（分别为-1.9（-3.1，-0.6）和-1.5（-2.6，-0.4）kg）、瘦体重（1.5（0.8，2.3）和0.9（0.1，1.7）kg）和运动能力（124（77，171）和49（5，93）秒）方面也有改善。在第12个月时，依从性较低，大多数指标恢复到基线水平。
低容量的C-HIIT（每周78分钟）和C-MICT（每周210分钟）在8周内对T2D患者的血糖控制、身体成分和运动能力的改善相似。然而，在第12个月时，自主锻炼后改善未得到维持。无论如何，这些数据表明，监督下的低容量C-HIIT是改善T2D患者预后的一种省时有效的策略。
