青少年成长发育与体育活动参与情况
Participation in sports in relation to adolescent growth and development.
作者信息
Brown Kelly A, Patel Dilip R, Darmawan Daphne
机构信息
Western Michigan University, Homer Stryker MD School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan 49008, USA.
出版信息
Transl Pediatr. 2017 Jul;6(3):150-159. doi: 10.21037/tp.2017.04.03.
Abstract
Puberty is defined by physical growth, development of secondary sexual characteristics, and maturation of psychosocial skills. The initiation and rate of progression of pubertal events varies among adolescents, but pubertal changes occur in a predictable stepwise manner. Factors including individual differences in physical and psychosocial development, stage of development based on age (early, middle, and late), and the rate of pubertal development, may all contribute to the way in which adolescents experience sports activities. During adolescence, gender differences also become more apparent and may significantly impact sports participation. As practitioners evaluate overall development and adolescent readiness for sports participation, they should consider the different areas of development including: somatic, neurologic, cognitive, psychosocial-function in an integrated and interdependent approach.
摘要
青春期的定义包括身体生长、第二性征发育以及心理社会技能的成熟。青春期事件的起始和进展速度在青少年中各不相同，但青春期变化是以可预测的逐步方式发生的。包括身体和心理社会发育的个体差异、基于年龄的发育阶段（早期、中期和晚期）以及青春期发育速度等因素，都可能影响青少年参与体育活动的方式。在青春期，性别差异也变得更加明显，可能会对体育参与产生重大影响。当从业者评估青少年的整体发育情况以及参与体育活动的准备程度时，他们应以综合和相互依存的方式考虑不同的发育领域，包括：躯体、神经、认知、心理社会功能。
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