组织芯片——药物研发和疾病建模的创新工具。
Tissue chips - innovative tools for drug development and disease modeling.
机构信息
National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 6701 Democracy Boulevard, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
出版信息
Lab Chip. 2017 Sep 12;17(18):3026-3036. doi: 10.1039/c7lc00462a.
Abstract
The high rate of failure during drug development is well-known, however recent advances in tissue engineering and microfabrication have contributed to the development of microphysiological systems (MPS), or 'organs-on-chips' that recapitulate the function of human organs. These 'tissue chips' could be utilized for drug screening and safety testing to potentially transform the early stages of the drug development process. They can also be used to model disease states, providing new tools for the understanding of disease mechanisms and pathologies, and assessing effectiveness of new therapies. In the future, they could be used to test new treatments and therapeutics in populations - via clinical trials-on-chips - and individuals, paving the way for precision medicine. Here we will discuss the wide-ranging and promising future of tissue chips, as well as challenges facing their development.
摘要
药物开发过程中的高失败率是众所周知的，然而，组织工程和微制造的最新进展促进了微生理系统（MPS）的发展，或“芯片上器官”，可重现人体器官的功能。这些“组织芯片”可用于药物筛选和安全性测试，有可能改变药物开发过程的早期阶段。它们还可用于模拟疾病状态，为了解疾病机制和病理学提供新工具，并评估新疗法的效果。将来，它们可以通过芯片上的临床试验在人群中——以及个体中——测试新的治疗方法和疗法，为精准医学铺平道路。在这里，我们将讨论组织芯片广泛而有前途的未来，以及它们发展所面临的挑战。
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