Zack Matthew M, Kobau Rosemarie
Division of Population Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC.
MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2017 Aug 11;66(31):821-825. doi: 10.15585/mmwr.mm6631a1.
Epilepsy, a brain disorder leading to recurring seizures, has garnered increased public health focus because persons with epilepsy experience pronounced and persistent health and socioeconomic disparities despite treatment advances, public awareness programs, and expanded rights for persons with disabilities (1,2). For almost all states, epilepsy prevalence estimates do not exist. CDC used national data sources including the 2015 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) for adults (aged ≥18 years), the 2011-2012 National Survey of Children's Health (NSCH), and the 2015 Current Population Survey data, describing 2014 income levels, to estimate prevalent cases of active epilepsy, overall and by state, to provide information for state public health planning. In 2015, 1.2% of the U.S. population (3.4 million persons: 3 million adults and 470,000 children) reported active epilepsy (self-reported doctor-diagnosed epilepsy and under treatment or with recent seizures within 12 months of interview) or current epilepsy (parent-reported doctor-diagnosed epilepsy and current epilepsy). Estimated numbers of persons with active epilepsy, after accounting for income and age differences by state, ranged from 5,900 in Wyoming to 427,700 in California. NHIS data from 2010-2015 indicate increases in the number of persons with active epilepsy, probably because of population growth. This study provides updated national and modeled state-specific numbers of active epilepsy cases. Public health practitioners, health care providers, policy makers, epilepsy researchers, and other epilepsy stakeholders, including family members and people with epilepsy, can use these findings to ensure that evidence-based programs meet the complex needs of adults and children with epilepsy and reduce the disparities resulting from it.
癫痫是一种导致反复发作的脑部疾病，由于尽管在治疗方面取得了进展、开展了公众意识宣传项目以及残疾人权利得到了扩展，但癫痫患者仍经历着显著且持续的健康和社会经济差异，因此已引起了更多的公共卫生关注（1,2）。几乎所有州都没有癫痫患病率的估计数据。美国疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）使用了包括针对成年人（年龄≥18岁）的2015年国家健康访谈调查（NHIS）、2011 - 2012年国家儿童健康调查（NSCH）以及描述2014年收入水平的2015年当前人口调查数据等全国性数据源，来估计活动性癫痫的流行病例数，包括总体情况以及各州的情况，以便为州公共卫生规划提供信息。2015年，1.2%的美国人口（340万人：300万成年人和47万儿童）报告患有活动性癫痫（自我报告经医生诊断患有癫痫且正在接受治疗或在访谈前12个月内有近期发作）或现患癫痫（家长报告经医生诊断患有癫痫且为现患癫痫）。在考虑了各州的收入和年龄差异后，活动性癫痫患者的估计人数从怀俄明州的5900人到加利福尼亚州的427700人不等。2010 - 2015年NHIS的数据表明活动性癫痫患者人数有所增加，这可能是由于人口增长所致。本研究提供了最新的全国性以及按州建模的活动性癫痫病例数。公共卫生从业者、医疗服务提供者、政策制定者、癫痫研究人员以及其他癫痫利益相关者，包括家庭成员和癫痫患者，可以利用这些研究结果来确保基于证据的项目满足成年和儿童癫痫患者的复杂需求，并减少由此产生的差异。
