Daniels Ramon, Metzelthin Silke, van Rossum Erik, de Witte Luc, van den Heuvel Wim
Faculty of Health and Care, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Postbox 550, 6400 AN Heerlen, The Netherlands.
Centre of Research on Autonomy and Participation, Zuyd University of Applied Sciences, Heerlen, the Netherlands.
Eur J Ageing. 2010 Feb 9;7(1):37-55. doi: 10.1007/s10433-010-0141-9. eCollection 2010 Mar.
This narrative review was conducted to provide an overview of the variety of interventions aimed at disability prevention in community-dwelling frail older persons and to summarize promising elements. The search strategy and selection process found 48 papers that met the inclusion criteria. The 49 interventions described in these 48 papers were categorized into 'comprehensive geriatric assessment', 'physical exercise', 'nutrition', 'technology', and 'other interventions'. There is a large diversity within and between the groups of interventions in terms of content, disciplines involved, duration, intensity, and setting. For 18 of the 49 interventions, significant positive effects for disability were reported for the experimental group. Promising features of interventions seem to be: multidisciplinary and multifactorial, individualized assessment and intervention, case management, long-term follow-up, physical exercise component (for moderate physically frail older persons), and the use of technology. Future intervention studies could combine these elements and consider the addition of new elements.
本叙述性综述旨在概述针对社区居住的体弱老年人预防残疾的各种干预措施，并总结其中有前景的要素。检索策略和筛选过程共找到48篇符合纳入标准的论文。这48篇论文中描述的49项干预措施被分为“综合老年评估”“体育锻炼”“营养”“技术”和“其他干预措施”。各干预措施组内部及之间在内容、涉及学科、持续时间、强度和实施环境方面存在很大差异。49项干预措施中有18项报告称实验组对残疾有显著的积极影响。干预措施的有前景特征似乎包括：多学科和多因素、个性化评估和干预、病例管理、长期随访、体育锻炼组成部分（针对身体中度虚弱的老年人）以及技术的应用。未来的干预研究可以结合这些要素，并考虑增加新的要素。
