a Institut Universitari Salut Mental Vidal i Barraquer, Universitat Ramon Llull , Barcelona , Spain.
b Centre de Salut Mental d'Adults Sant Andreu , Barcelona , Spain.
Int J Psychiatry Clin Pract. 2018 Mar;22(1):25-33. doi: 10.1080/13651501.2017.1360500. Epub 2017 Aug 11.
Caregivers experience physical and mental stress that ends up lowering their quality of life (QoL). Our goal was to research (a) the level of caregivers QoL; (b) the relationships between the demographic characteristics of the caregivers, their caregiving burden, their family functioning, their social and professional support and their QoL and (c) the best predictors of caregivers QoL.
100 key caregivers (70% parents, 8% spouses, 17% siblings and 5% children) were studied using the world health organization quality of life-Bref (WHOQOL-BREF) to research their QoL, the Zarit Scale to assess their perception of their caregiving burden, the Social Network Questionnaire to examine their social support, the Family APGAR to assess the satisfaction with social support from the family and a professional support scale (Escala de Apoyo Profesional) to determine the professional support received by caregivers was performed.
Scores on the WHOQOL-BREF in the Physical, Psychological, Social and Environment domains were 15.0 (SD = 3.7), 13.3 (SD = 4.2), 11.0 (SD = 4.7) and 13.5 (SD = 3.1), respectively. Through bivariate analysis, the dimensions that showed a positive significant association with QoL were being a young male caregiver who was a working father with a high educational level and help from other family members. Caregivers of patients who were older and had a later onset of the illness, a lower score on the Zarit Scale and a high score on the Social Network Questionnaire, Family APGAR and Escala de Apoyo Profesional showed higher QoL. Many of these variables made a unique contribution in the multivariate analysis.
There is a significant association between the caregiver's burden and their QoL. Regression analysis showed that the best predictors of QoL were caregiving burden, social support and professional support.
照顾者会经历身心压力，从而降低他们的生活质量（QoL）。我们的目标是研究：（a）照顾者的 QoL 水平；（b）照顾者的人口统计学特征、照顾负担、家庭功能、社会和专业支持与其 QoL 之间的关系；（c）照顾者 QoL 的最佳预测因素。
使用世界卫生组织生活质量简表（WHOQOL-BREF）对 100 名主要照顾者（70%为父母、8%为配偶、17%为兄弟姐妹、5%为子女）进行研究，以评估他们的 QoL；使用 Zarit 量表评估他们对照顾负担的感知；使用社会网络问卷评估他们的社会支持；使用家庭适应量表（Family APGAR）评估他们对家庭社会支持的满意度；使用专业支持量表（Escala de Apoyo Profesional）评估照顾者获得的专业支持。
WHOQOL-BREF 量表的生理、心理、社会和环境领域的得分分别为 15.0（SD=3.7）、13.3（SD=4.2）、11.0（SD=4.7）和 13.5（SD=3.1）。通过单变量分析，与 QoL 呈正相关的维度包括：年轻男性照顾者、有工作的父亲、高学历、其他家庭成员的帮助。患者年龄较大、发病较晚、Zarit 量表得分较低、社会网络问卷、家庭适应量表和专业支持量表得分较高的照顾者，其 QoL 较高。在多变量分析中，许多这些变量都有独特的贡献。
照顾者的负担与其 QoL 之间存在显著关联。回归分析显示，QoL 的最佳预测因素是照顾负担、社会支持和专业支持。
