Rapid, easy, and economical screening test for antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus.

A new dot enzyme immunoassay (EIA) with a conserved portion of the envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) as antigen has been designed for use in areas with few laboratory facilities and by personnel with little laboratory experience. Sera were tested in 263 subjects who had AIDS or AIDS-related complex or were at-risk or not-at-risk of AIDS from the USA, Africa, and Asia/Oceania. The dot EIA was 100% sensitive in the American subjects, and there were only 2 false negatives in the others, both of which were negative by commercial EIA. The test is simple to perform, economical, rapid (30 min), and stable.