Ziadeh Clara, Ziogas Argyrios, Anton-Culver Hoda
Department of Epidemiology; School of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, California.
Int J Cancer. 2017 Dec 1;141(11):2260-2269. doi: 10.1002/ijc.30928. Epub 2017 Aug 29.
The objective of this study is to compare cancer risk among different generations of Middle Eastern immigrants (ME) and non-Hispanic whites (NHW) in California between 1988 and 2013. We used data from the California Cancer Registry to identify invasive primary incident cancer cases in three population groups: (i) first-generation ME immigrants, (ii) second- or subsequent-generations ME immigrants, and (iii) NHW. Proportional incidence ratio (PIR) was used to compare cancer risk of the 15 selected most common cancers in the 3 population groups taking into consideration time since immigration for first-generation ME immigrants. First generation ME immigrants were more likely to be at increased risk of stomach (PIR= 3.13) and hepatobiliary (PIR = 2.27) cancers in females and thyroid (PIR = 2.19) and stomach (PIR = 2.13) cancers in males in comparison with NHW. Second- or subsequent-generations ME immigrants were at increased risk of thyroid cancer (PIR = 1.43 in females and 2.00 in males) in comparison with NHW, and malignant melanoma cancer (PIR = 4.53 in females and 4.61 in males) in comparison with first-generation ME immigrants. The risk levels of breast, thyroid and bladder cancers in ME first generation were significantly higher compared to NHW regardless of time spent in the United States suggesting the role of genetic predisposition, and/or cultural characteristics associated with these cancers. The results suggest that differences in cancer risk between ME first-generation immigrants and NHW change in second or subsequent generations, approaching the risk level of NHW and indicating the impact of acculturation in this immigrant population.
本研究的目的是比较1988年至2013年间加利福尼亚州不同代中东移民（ME）和非西班牙裔白人（NHW）的癌症风险。我们使用了加利福尼亚癌症登记处的数据，以确定三个群体中的侵袭性原发性新发癌症病例：（i）第一代中东移民，（ii）第二代或后续代中东移民，以及（iii）非西班牙裔白人。比例发病率（PIR）用于比较这三个群体中15种选定的最常见癌症的癌症风险，同时考虑到第一代中东移民的移民时间。与非西班牙裔白人相比，第一代中东移民女性患胃癌（PIR = 3.13）和肝胆癌（PIR = 2.27）以及男性患甲状腺癌（PIR = 2.19）和胃癌（PIR = 2.13）的风险更高。与非西班牙裔白人相比，第二代或后续代中东移民患甲状腺癌的风险增加（女性PIR = 1.43，男性PIR = 2.00），与第一代中东移民相比，患恶性黑色素瘤的风险增加（女性PIR = 4.53，男性PIR = 4.61）。无论在美国停留的时间长短，中东第一代移民的乳腺癌、甲状腺癌和膀胱癌风险水平均显著高于非西班牙裔白人，这表明遗传易感性和/或与这些癌症相关的文化特征起到了作用。结果表明，中东第一代移民和非西班牙裔白人之间的癌症风险差异在第二代或后续代中发生变化，接近非西班牙裔白人的风险水平，这表明文化适应对该移民群体产生了影响。
