Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK.
Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ, UK; Loughborough Design School, Loughborough University, LE11 3TU, UK; Department of Engineering, Nottingham Trent University, NG11 8NS, UK.
Appl Ergon. 2017 Nov;65:81-89. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
During long duration journeys, drivers are encouraged to take regular breaks. The benefits of breaks have been documented for safety; breaks may also be beneficial for comfort. The activity undertaken during a break may influence its effectiveness. Volunteers completed 3 journeys on a driving simulator. Each 130 min journey included a 10 min break after the first hour. During the break volunteers either stayed seated, left the simulator and sat in an adjacent room, or took a walk on a treadmill. The results show a reduction in driver discomfort during the break for all 3 conditions, but the effectiveness of the break was dependent on activity undertaken. Remaining seated in the vehicle provided some improvement in comfort, but more was experienced after leaving the simulator and sitting in an adjacent room. The most effective break occurred when the driver walked for 10 min on a treadmill. The benefits from taking a break continued until the end of the study (after a further hour of driving), such that comfort remained the best after taking a walk and worst for those who remained seated. It is concluded that taking a break and taking a walk is an effective method for relieving driving discomfort.
在长途旅行中，鼓励驾驶员定期休息。休息的好处已被记录在安全性方面；休息也可能对舒适度有益。休息期间进行的活动可能会影响其效果。志愿者在驾驶模拟器上完成了 3 次行程。每次 130 分钟的行程在第一个小时后都有 10 分钟的休息时间。在休息期间，志愿者要么保持坐姿，要么离开模拟器坐在相邻的房间里，要么在跑步机上散步。结果表明，在所有 3 种情况下，休息期间驾驶员的不适感都有所减轻，但休息的效果取决于所进行的活动。在车内保持坐姿可以在一定程度上提高舒适度，但离开模拟器并坐在相邻的房间里会有更多的改善。当驾驶员在跑步机上走 10 分钟时，休息效果最佳。休息带来的好处一直持续到研究结束（在再驾驶一个小时后），因此，散步后的舒适度最佳，而保持坐姿的舒适度最差。因此，结论是，休息和散步是缓解驾驶不适的有效方法。
