Löckenhoff Corinna E
Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA.
Eur J Ageing. 2012 Aug 2;9(3):227-231. doi: 10.1007/s10433-012-0241-9. eCollection 2012 Sep.
The impending retirement of large population cohorts creates a pressing need for practical interventions to optimize outcomes at the individual and societal level. This necessitates comprehensive theoretical models that acknowledge the multi-layered nature of the retirement process and shed light on the dynamic mechanisms that drive longitudinal patterns of adjustment. The present commentary highlights ways in which contemporary life-span developmental frameworks can inform retirement research, drawing on the specific examples of Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Model, Baltes and Baltes Selective Optimization with Compensation Framework, Schulz and Heckhausen's Motivational Theory of Life-Span Development, and Carstensen's Socioemotional Selectivity Theory. Ultimately, a life-span developmental perspective on retirement offers not only new interpretations of known phenomena but may also help to identify novel directions for future research as well as promising pathways for interventions.
大量人口群体即将退休，这迫切需要采取切实可行的干预措施，以在个人和社会层面优化结果。这就需要全面的理论模型，这些模型要认识到退休过程的多层次性质，并阐明驱动纵向调整模式的动态机制。本评论文章着重介绍了当代寿命发展框架可为退休研究提供信息的方式，并借鉴了布朗芬布伦纳的生态模型、巴尔特斯和巴尔特斯的选择性优化与补偿框架、舒尔茨和赫克豪森的寿命发展动机理论以及卡斯滕森的社会情感选择性理论等具体实例。最终，从寿命发展的角度看待退休，不仅能对已知现象提供新的解释，还可能有助于确定未来研究的新方向以及有前景的干预途径。
