Molfino Alessio, Amabile Maria I, Mazzucco Sara, Biolo Gianni, Farcomeni Alessio, Ramaccini Cesarina, Antonaroli Simonetta, Monti Massimo, Muscaritoli Maurizio
Department of Clinical Medicine, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Sapienza University of RomeRome, Italy.
Front Physiol. 2017 Jul 28;8:549. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00549. eCollection 2017.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in cell membrane may influence breast cancer (BC) patients' prognosis, affecting tumor cells sensitivity to chemo- and radio-therapy and likely modulating inflammation. The possibility of identifying BC patients presenting with low DHA levels and/or low ability of DHA incorporation into cell membrane might help to treat this condition. We enrolled BC patients and healthy controls, recording their seafood dietary intake. DHA in form of algal oil was administered for 10 consecutive days (2 g/day). Blood samples were collected at baseline (T0) and after 10 days of supplementation (T1) to assess DHA, omega-3 index, as the sum of DHA + eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), in red blood cells (RBC) membranes and plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-6 levels. Pre- and post-treatment fatty acid profiles were obtained by gas-chromatography. Parametric and non-parametric tests were performed, as appropriate, and -value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Forty-three women were studied, divided into 4 groups: 11 patients with BRCA1/2 gene mutation (M group), 12 patients with familiar positive history for BC (F group), 10 patients with sporadic BC (S group), and 10 healthy controls (C group). DHA and omega-3 index increased from T0 to T1 in the 3 groups of BC patients and in controls ( < 0.001). No difference was found in DHA incorporation between each group of BC patients and between patients and controls, except for M group, which incorporated higher DHA levels with respect to controls (β = 0.42; = 0.03). No association was documented between cytokines levels and DHA and omega-3 index at baseline and after DHA supplementation. Independent of the presence of BC, women considered as "good seafood consumers" showed at baseline DHA and omega-3 index higher with respect to "low seafood consumers" ( = 0.04; = 0.007, respectively). After supplementation, the increase in DHA levels was greater in "low seafood consumers" with respect to "good seafood consumers" ( < 0.0001). DHA supplementation was associated with increased DHA levels and omega-3 index in RBC membranes of BC cancer patients, independent of the type of BC presentation, and in controls. BRCA1/2 mutation, as well as low seafood consuming habits in both BC patients and healthy controls, seem to be associated with greater ability of DHA incorporation. Larger samples of BC patients are necessary to confirm our observation.
细胞膜中的二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可能会影响乳腺癌（BC）患者的预后，影响肿瘤细胞对化疗和放疗的敏感性，并可能调节炎症反应。识别出DHA水平低和/或DHA掺入细胞膜能力低的BC患者，可能有助于治疗这种疾病。我们招募了BC患者和健康对照者，记录他们的海鲜饮食摄入量。连续10天给予藻油形式的DHA（2克/天）。在基线（T0）和补充10天后（T1）采集血样，以评估红细胞（RBC）膜和血浆中肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6水平中的DHA、ω-3指数（DHA+二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的总和）。通过气相色谱法获得治疗前和治疗后的脂肪酸谱。酌情进行参数检验和非参数检验，P值<0.05被认为具有统计学意义。对43名女性进行了研究，分为4组：11名BRCA1/2基因突变患者（M组）、12名有BC家族阳性史的患者（F组）、10名散发性BC患者（S组）和10名健康对照者（C组）。3组BC患者和对照组的DHA和ω-3指数从T0到T1均升高（P<0.001）。除M组相对于对照组掺入更高水平的DHA外（β=0.42；P=0.03），每组BC患者之间以及患者与对照组之间在DHA掺入方面未发现差异。在基线时和DHA补充后，细胞因子水平与DHA和ω-3指数之间未发现相关性。无论是否患有BC，被视为“海鲜消费量大”的女性在基线时的DHA和ω-3指数均高于“海鲜消费量低”的女性（分别为P=0.04；P=0.007）。补充后，“海鲜消费量低”的女性的DHA水平升高幅度大于“海鲜消费量大”的女性（P<0.0001）。DHA补充与BC癌症患者红细胞膜中DHA水平和ω-3指数的升高相关，与BC的表现类型无关，在对照组中也是如此。BRCA1/2突变以及BC患者和健康对照者的低海鲜消费习惯似乎与更高的DHA掺入能力有关。需要更大样本量的BC患者来证实我们的观察结果。
