Giuntini Diletta, Olevsky Eugene A, Garcia-Cardona Cristina, Maximenko Andrey L, Yurlova Maria S, Haines Christopher D, Martin Darold G, Kapoor Deepak
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Dr., San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
Key Laboratory for Electromagnetic Field Assisted Materials Processing, Engineering Physics University, Moscow 115409, Russia.
Materials (Basel). 2013 Jun 25;6(7):2612-2632. doi: 10.3390/ma6072612.
The present paper shows the application of a three-dimensional coupled electrical, thermal, mechanical finite element macro-scale modeling framework of Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) to an actual problem of SPS tooling overheating, encountered during SPS experimentation. The overheating phenomenon is analyzed by varying the geometry of the tooling that exhibits the problem, namely by modeling various tooling configurations involving sequences of disk-shape spacers with step-wise increasing radii. The analysis is conducted by means of finite element simulations, intended to obtain temperature spatial distributions in the graphite press-forms, including punches, dies, and spacers; to identify the temperature peaks and their respective timing, and to propose a more suitable SPS tooling configuration with the avoidance of the overheating as a final aim. Electric currents-based Joule heating, heat transfer, mechanical conditions, and densification are imbedded in the model, utilizing the finite-element software COMSOL™, which possesses a distinguishing ability of coupling multiple physics. Thereby the implementation of a finite element method applicable to a broad range of SPS procedures is carried out, together with the more specific optimization of the SPS tooling design when dealing with excessive heating phenomena.
本文展示了一种用于放电等离子体烧结（SPS）的三维电、热、机械有限元宏观尺度建模框架在SPS实验过程中遇到的SPS模具过热实际问题中的应用。通过改变出现问题的模具几何形状来分析过热现象，即对各种模具配置进行建模，这些配置包括半径逐步增大的盘形垫片序列。分析通过有限元模拟进行，旨在获得石墨压模（包括冲头、模具和垫片）中的温度空间分布；识别温度峰值及其各自的时间，并提出一种更合适的SPS模具配置，最终目标是避免过热。基于电流的焦耳热、热传递、机械条件和致密化都嵌入到模型中，利用具有耦合多种物理特性的有限元软件COMSOL™。从而实现了适用于广泛SPS程序的有限元方法，并在处理过热现象时对SPS模具设计进行了更具体的优化。
