Li Serena Zhe-Chuang, Yu Wing-Yan, Choi Kai-Yip, Lam Christie Hang-I, Lakshmanan Yamunadevi, Wong Francisca Siu-Yin, Chan Henry Ho-Lung
Laboratory of Experimental Optometry (Neuroscience), School of Optometry, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 Aug 1;58(10):4399–4406. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-21279.
To investigate the characteristics of retinal electrophysiological activity in relation to early myopia development in children.
Fifty-six children aged 6 to 9 years with emmetropic refractive error (defined as ≥ -0.5 diopter [D] and ≤ +0.5 D) were recruited. Cycloplegic refraction, axial length, and global flash multifocal electroretinogram (MOFO mfERG) at 49% and 96% contrast levels were recorded in all children at their first visit. The refraction and axial length measurements were repeated after 1 year. The amplitudes and implicit times of the direct component (DC) and the induced component (IC) of the MOFO mfERG obtained at the initial visit were analyzed. Correlations between the MOFO mfERG parameters and changes in refractive error and axial length were investigated.
The mean spherical equivalent refractive error and axial length of the eyes of the children at the first visit were +0.19 ± 0.33 D and 23.14 ± 0.6 mm, respectively. After 1 year, the mean refractive error increased by -0.55 ± 0.53 D, whereas axial length increased by 0.37 ± 0.22 mm. The changes in refractive error and axial length were significantly correlated with the central IC amplitudes at 49% contrast level measured at the initial visit (ρ = 0.46, P < 0.001 and ρ = -0.34, P = 0.01, respectively).
The prospective changes we have shown are believed to derive from central inner retina. These changes appear to precede myopia and could be a potential reference for juvenile myopia development.
研究儿童早期近视发展过程中视网膜电生理活动的特征。
招募了56名年龄在6至9岁、屈光不正为正视（定义为≥ -0.5屈光度[D]且≤ +0.5 D）的儿童。在所有儿童首次就诊时记录其睫状肌麻痹验光、眼轴长度以及49%和96%对比度水平下的全视野闪光多焦视网膜电图（MOFO mfERG）。1年后重复进行验光和眼轴长度测量。分析首次就诊时获得的MOFO mfERG直接成分（DC）和诱发成分（IC）的振幅和隐含时间。研究MOFO mfERG参数与屈光不正和眼轴长度变化之间的相关性。
儿童首次就诊时眼睛的平均等效球镜屈光不正和眼轴长度分别为+0.19 ± 0.33 D和23.14 ± 0.6 mm。1年后，平均屈光不正增加了-0.55 ± 0.53 D，而眼轴长度增加了0.37 ± 0.22 mm。屈光不正和眼轴长度的变化与首次就诊时在49%对比度水平下测量的中央IC振幅显著相关（分别为ρ = 0.46，P < 0.001和ρ = -0.34，P = 0.01）。
我们所显示的前瞻性变化被认为源自视网膜中央内层。这些变化似乎在近视之前出现，可能是青少年近视发展的一个潜在参考指标。
